BCAT Exam (Autism Spectrum Disorder) with Complete Solutions!

Knowledge of deficits in social emotional-reciprocity - ANSWER for example, from abnormal social approach and failure of normal back-and-forth conversation; to reduced sharing of interests, emotions, or affect; to failure to initiate or respond to social interactions. Ex: Not responding to regular greeting, no eye contact when called by name, unable to recognize emotions, do not understand jokes, unable to recognize body language or facial expression Knowledge of deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors used for social interaction - ANSWER Ex: not recognizing when the person talking to is sad, bored, etc., not picking up facial expression or body language. Scenario: when a peer is yawning, and looking away, the child with Autism is still talking and not picking up the social cue (the other person is bored). Knowledge of deficits in developing, maintaining, and understanding relationships - ANSWER i) for example, from difficulties adjusting behavior to suit various social contexts; to difficulties in sharing imaginative play or in making friends; to absence of interest in peers. ii) Examples: shows no interest in peers and have difficulty making friends Knowledge of stereotyped or repetitive motor movements, use of objects, or Speech - ANSWER (e.g., simple motor stereotypes, lining up toys or flipping objects, echolalia, idiosyncratic phrases). ii) Examples: flapping hands, running back and forth, making repetitive noises, fixated on an object Knowledge of insistence on sameness, inflexible adherence to routines, or ritualized patterns of verbal or nonverbal behavior - ANSWER (e.g., extreme distress at small changes, difficulties with transitions, rigid thinking patterns, greeting rituals, need to take same route or eat food every day). ii) Examples: unexpected schedule changes to daily routine, change in therapist, novel settings, playing toys the same way. Knowledge of highly restricted, fixated interests that are abnormal in intensity or focus - ANSWER (e.g, strong attachment to or preoccupation with unusual objects, excessively circumscribed or perseverative interest). ii) Examples: child is fixated on one particular movie or toy (ie. Angry bird) or replaying the same video clip over and over again. Knowledge of hyper or hypereactivity to sensory input or unusual interests in sensory aspects of environment - ANSWER i) (e.g., apparent indifference to pain/temperature, adverse response to specific sounds or textures, excessive smelling or touching of objects, visual fascination with lights or movement). ii) Examples: an individual that always need to smell his/her food before eating or turn lights on and off, and/or sensitive to certain sounds/materials (ie. Hair dryer, vacuum, cottons) Knowledge of levels of severity across social communication and restricted, re- petitive