APES unit 4: Earth Systems & resources fully solved 2024/2025

APES unit 4: Earth Systems & resources fully solved 2024Which of the following best describes why understanding a watershed and its boundaries is important in designing housing developments along a river? - correct answer Surface water and stormwater runoff will drain downstream within the watershed boundaries, so it's important to understand the flow of the water through the watershed. Which of the following should be included in a watershed map to best determine the non-point source of a pollutant, such as fertilizer, found in a river? - correct answer The land use upstream of the river and the water quality indicators in streams that run downstream into the river. Which of the following causes the air to rise high into the atmosphere in certain areas? - correct answer Warm, moist air that's less dense than the surrounding air. Which of the following is the source of energy driving the circulation pattern of global winds? - correct answer Solar radiation Which of the following areas receives the most intense solar radiation at the time of year shown and why? - correct answer The tropic of Capricorn, because this latitude is nearly horizontal to incoming solar radiation. Which of the following correctly describes the season and length of day at the Tropic of Cancer during the year shown in the diagram? - correct answer The Northern Hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun so it's winter at the Tropic of Cancer and daylight is less than 12 hours per day. In the desert regions of the southwest US, daily high and low temperatures will frequently fluctuate by 40 degrees F or more. Which statement best explains the large variation in temperature. - correct answer There are no bordering oceans or large bodies of water to provide a stabilizing humidity to the air. Which of the following best explains why city B regularly receives less precipitation than city A? - correct answer The rain shadow effect causes city B to be drier because the mountain blocks precipitation from reaching the city. Which of the following particles of soil has the greatest permeability? - correct answer Sand Which letter choices in the soil profile represents the horizon with the most concentration of organic material? - correct answer A, the one closest to the tree because the soil has worms and such. 4.1 Plate tectonics: convergent boundaries - correct answer result in the creation of mountains, island arcs, earthquakes, and volcanoes. - Two plates come together. divergent boundaries - correct answer Result in seafloor spreading, rift valleys, volcanoes, and earthquakes. - 2 plate split apart transform boundaries - correct answer Result in earthquakes. - 2 plates grind past each other. Maps that show the global distribution of plate boundaries can be used to determine the location of volcanoes, island arcs, earthquakes, hot spots, and faults. - correct answer An earthquake occurs when stress overcomes a locked fault, releasing stored energy. 4.2 Soil formation & erosion: Soil is formed when parent material is weathered, transported, and deposited. - correct answer Soils are generally categorized by horizons based on their composition and organic material. Soils can be eroded by winds or water. Protecting soils can protect water quality as soils effectively filter and clean water that moves through them. - correct answer 4.3 Soil Composition & properties: - correct answer Water holding capacity - correct answer The total amount of water soil can hold-varies with different soil types. Water retention contributes to land productivity and fertility of soils.