Focus on Nursing Pharmacology Amy M. Karch Chapters 54, 55, 57, 58, & 59 (Wolters Kluwer) Exam With Complete Solutions 100% Solved

Focus on Nursing Pharmacology Amy M. Karch Chapters 54, 55, 57, 58, & 59 (Wolters Kluwer) Exam With Complete Solutions 100% Solved A nurse is caring for a client with pseudomembranous colitis. The health care provider has prescribed loperamide (Imodium) to the client. How does the nurse know that the drug has been effective? - answerDiarrhea is resolved. Rationale: Loperamide HCl (Lomotil) is an antidiarrheal medication. The nurse will know that the medication is effective if the diarrhea is resolved in the patient. The nurse should monitor the patient for an elevation in body temperature, severe abdominal pain, abdominal rigidity, or distention because these are the indicators of intestinal perforation. The nurse should monitor for rectal bleeding when laxatives are administered. A nurse is teaching a client who has just been prescribed lansoprazole (Prevacid). What statement would indicate that the client correctly understands the action of this medication? - answer"The medication inhibits acid secretions." A client has an important presentation to make in 4 hours and needs relief from the congestion of seasonal rhinitis. The client calls the nurse, explains the situation, and tells the nurse that he cannot afford to be drowsy. Which antihistamine would be a good choice for this client? - answerLoratidine (Claritin) Rationale: The first-generation antihistamines, including diphenhydramine, dexchlorpheniramine, and hydroxyzine, are associated with drowsiness. Loratadine is one of the second-generation antihistamines, which have fewer anticholinergic effects and are less likely to cause drowsiness. The nurse is about to administer a laxative to a client for the first time. What should be included in client education? - answerLaxatives may cause diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, nausea, vomiting, perianal irritation, and flatulence, as well as a number of other side effects. Prolonged use of a laxative can result in a "laxative habit," or dependence on a laxative to have a bowel movement. Some laxatives contain tartrazine (a yellow food dye), which may cause allergic-type reactions (including bronchial asthma) in susceptible individuals. Obstruction of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and colon has occurred when bulk-forming laxatives are administered without adequate fluid intake, or in clients with intestinal stenosis. Which instruction would be most important to give to a client who is receiving omeprazole (Prilosec)? - answer"Swallow the tablet whole with a large glass of water." A client presents at the clinic with a dry, non-productive cough. The client is diagnosed with bronchitis, and it is determined that the client needs help thinning the sputum so the cough can become productive. What does the nurse expect the health care provider will prescribe? - answerGuaifenesin (Mucin