ScribeAmerica Ophthalmology Outpatient - Conditions Questions With All Correct Answers!!

Dermatochalasis - Answer-Etiology: Excess skin in the upper or lower lid. Complaint: "baggy eyes", decreases peripheral vision, tension headache Diagnosed by: tangent visual test, schrimer's test, photographs Treatment: blepharoplasty: removal of tissue. Ptosis - Answer-Etiology: when the upper eyelid droops over the eye. Levator muscle stretches or seperates from eyelid Risk: age, dermatochalasis Complaint: decreased peripheral vision, manually lift upper eyelid to improve vision Diagnosed by: schirmer's test, photographs, tangent visual field Treatmetn: levator resection for ptosis repair surgery Entropion/Ectropion - Answer-Etiology: Entropion: inversion of the upper or lower eye lids Ectropion: Eversion of the upper or lower lids. Complaint: foreign body sensation, irritation, conjunctival injection, tearing, irritation, dryness Treatment: remove area of the eye lid margin in attempt to tighten muscles, use skin graft Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) - Answer-Etiology: oil gets trapped in glands along lid margin near lashes Complaint: dry eyes, sticky lid margin, photophobia, foreign body sensation, itching, crusting Diagnosed by: SLE looking for dry eyes, conjunctivitis, chlazion, dermatitis Treatment: warm NaCl compress, lid scrubs, massage, oil supplements Blepharitis - Answer-Etiology: inflammatory condition around the eyelashes and follicles due to bacteria or oily flakes Complaint: dry eyes, burning, photophobia, foreign body sensation, itching, crusting Diagnosed by: SLE Treatment: warm compresses and lid scrubs followed by an abx ointmentHordeolum - Answer-Etiology: sty, usually caused by infection of an eyelash follicle, painful and localizes to an eyelid margin Complaint: hyperemia, edema, pain Risk: contact lens, leaving eye makeup, blepharitis, rosacea Treatment: warm sodium chloride compresses Chalazion - Answer-Etiology: noninfectious obstruction of meibomian gland Complaint: eyelid hyperemia, edema, pain, becomes small nontender nodule Diagnosed by: swollen cyst to the eyelid Treatment: removal/excision or I&D Dry Eye syndrome (DES) or K Sicca - Answer-Etiology: tear duct dysfunction Complaint: dry eyes, chronic irritation and dryness, foreign body sensation Diagnosed by: schrimer's test, dry eye survey Risk: contact lens overuse, Sjogren's syndrome Treatmetn: OTC lubrication: refresh, restasis, artificial tears, punctal plugs