RD Exam Prep: Domain 1 Topic C Questions and Answers 100% Correct

RD Exam Prep: Domain 1 Topic C Questions and Answers 100% Correct Alternate Hypothesis - Answer- A statement that intends to explain a phenomenon. Opposite from null hypothesis. Null Hypothesis - Answer- No difference. States there is no statistical significance between the variables being tested. Research aims to reject the null hypothesis. A p value ≤ rejects the null hypothesis. Arm - Answer- Group in a trial that receives a specific intervention. Ex: control arm, experimental arm Blinding - Answer- Aka masking. Aims to reduce bias. A blind study participant is not aware if they receive a placebo or active drug; however, the research team does know. A double-blind study is when both participant and research team do not know who receives the placebo or active drug. This type of research design is considered the "gold standard" at reducing researching bias. Bias - Answer- Research (researchers influence results of a study), assessment (instrument that unfairly penalizes a group. Ex: based on race, religion), statistical (calculation that is systemically different from population being estimated. Ex: selecting an individual for a study). Cross-over Design - Answer- Sequence of intervention (exposure) is varied at different times during a study. Hawthrone Effect - Answer- Awareness that one is being studied may change behavior or outcome independent of the intervention. Measurement Error - Answer- When emphasis is placed on a specific research questions that may result in bias. Systematic Review - Answer- Answers a specific research question by reviewing empirical evidence with specific criteria. Meta-Analysis - Answer- Takes all research in a subject and uses statistical analysis to summarize results. Databases - Answer- PubMed: database of abstracts from life sciences, online books, medical journals, behavioral, chemical, health journals. First choice for health science research. Cochrane Library: database of systematic reviews. Scopus: database of abstracts from a wide variety of life, social, physical, and health sciences journals and books. Limitations to search engine. Descriptive Research - Answer- Qualitative (interview observation), case series, survey, ecological, cohort (incidence), case-control, cross-sectional (prevalence), outcomes, prospective, retrospective (nonconcurrent) Experimental Research - Answer- True (random assignment), Quasi (not randomly assigned), clinic trials - placebo Qualitative Information - Answer- Generates open-ended narrative, interview, observation, analyzed thematically, nominal group process, delphi technique