RDCS review exam questions & answers 2024/25

RDCS review exam questions & answers 2024/25 What 3 components make up the cardiovascular system? - ANSWERSThe pulmonary and systemic circulatory systems, and the heart. What increases preload? - ANSWERSRegurgitation, ASD, VSD, PDA anything that would contribute to volume overload What will prolonged increased preload cause? - ANSWERSDilated chambers Describe the right heart characteristics in regard to pressure resistance, and O2 saturation. - ANSWERSLow pressure and resistance, with lower saturation (75%) Describe the left heart characteristics in regard to pressure, resistance, and O2 saturation. - ANSWERSHigh pressure and resistance, higher saturation (98%) What is afterload? - ANSWERSThe resistance the heart needs to pump against. What skeletal structures protect the heart? - ANSWERSThe sternum and vertebral column What increases afterload? - ANSWERSPressure overload. Stenosis, HTN, PHTN What are the two layers of the pericardium, and which is positioned where? - ANSWERSFibrous (outer layer) and serous (inner layer) How does increased afterload affect contractility? - ANSWERSIncreases it.