NR 325 - Endocrine/Diabetes Class Notes- Exam 1 2024

Cushing's Disease - Correct Answer - Pituitary Tumor - Increased ACTH, cortisol, urine free cortisol and plasma cortisol Hypophysectomy - Correct Answer - removal of the pituitary (cure of cushing's disease) -transphenoidal approach (no incision, through nose) Cushing's Syndrome - Correct Answer - caused by drugs or adrenal issue - only difference is the ACTH is low Cushing's Treatment - Correct Answer - low fluid and sodium intake - may need calcium, brittle bones - if you aren't removing (treat symptoms) Addison's - Correct Answer - corticosteroid insufficiency - symptoms because body is slowing down Primary Addison's - Correct Answer - damage to the adrenal gland - 90% may be destroyed before you see symptoms - have ACTH but missing corticosteroids - pigmentation - decreased plasma cortico's, free cortisol urine, serum cortisol Secondary Addison's - Correct Answer - pituitary problem, or they stopped taking meds - have nothing, no ACTH Addison's: Medication - Correct Answer Hydrocortisone - has salt and sugar Fludrocortisone - has minerals Potassium: Cushing's and Addison's - Correct Answer C - need potassium A - too much potassium Adrenal Crisis - Correct Answer body is completely shutting down due to untreated addison's Stress: Addison's - Correct Answer cannot make the cortisol to respond to stressful situations, may need to increase medications when stressed Type 1 Diabetes - Correct Answer - not enough insulin - body attack pancreas beta cells - autoimmune Type 2 Diabetes - Correct Answer - overweight and sedentary lifestyle - insulin resistant Type 2 Diabetes - Insulin Resistance - Correct Answer insulin isn't working so the glucose backs up. beta cells don't stop (overused), therefore they die and you become insulin resistant Diabetes Symptoms - Correct Answer - polyuria (pee) - polydypsia (drink) - polyphagia (eat) Type 2 Symptoms - Correct Answer - eyes get worse - women may get recurrent yeast infections Type 1 Symptoms - Correct Answer - may lose weight rapidly - kids wet the bed Diabetes: Diagnosis - Correct Answer - A1C Hemoglobin is 6.5 - Glucose Stick (random) if over 200 w/ symptoms - Fasting Blood Glucose 126 - Oral Glucose Tolerance 200 A1C Hemoglobin - Correct Answer checks your glucose over 3 months Fasting Blood Glucose - Correct Answer no caloric intake for a minimum