Introduction to Psychology (Exam 1) questions fully solved with verified expert solutions (download to pass)

What is Psychology? The study of mind and behavior. What is Nativism (Nature)? Nativism is the theory that knowledge is innate and inborn. Our biological endowment makes up who we are. Brainpower Read More Previous Play Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0:00 / 0:00 Full screen What is Empiricism (Nurture)? Empiricism is the idea that we gain knowledge through experience and surroundings. Our environment makes up who we are. Plato He believes in the philosophical view that certain kinds of knowledge are innate and inborn (nativism/nature). Aristotle He believes in philosophical empiricism which states that knowledge is gained through experience. Wilhelm Wundt He believes in the idea of structuralism. Structuralism is when you analyze the brain by breaking it down to its main components. William James He believes in the idea of functionalism. Functionalism is when you see how someone functions or adapts to new aspects in their environment. John Watson He believed that psychology and the mind was not able to be studied through scientific inquiry. Instead, he was a behaviorist who focused more so the actions of humans to explain their train of thought. B.F. Skinner He was another behaviorist that believed in Pavlov's experiments and Watson's theories. He studied how behavior was learned according to circumstance. Sigmund Freud He came up with psychoanalytic theory which is very much so used today. Psychoanalysis is the study of unconscious mind and how it affects a person's thoughts, feelings, and emotions. Behaviorism an approach that advocates that psychologists restrict themselves to the scientific study objectively observable behavior Cognitive Psychology the scientific study of mental processes including perception, thought, memory, and experience Evolutionary Psychology a psychological approach that explains mind and behavior in terms of the adaptive value of abilities that are preserved over time by natural selection (Influenced by Darwin, James, and EO Wilson) Humanistic Psychology an approach to understanding human nature that emphasizes the positive potential of human beings Social Psychology A subfield of psychology that studies the causes