Chapter 9 Hole's Human Anatomy & Physiology 9th edition David Shier, Ricki Lewis, Jackie Butler,2024 Test Bank for Chapter 9 Muscular System complete (multiple choice, true or false and case studies)

Chapter 9 Hole's Human Anatomy & Physiology 9th edition David Shier, Ricki Lewis, Jackie Butler,2024 Test Bank for Chapter 9 Muscular System complete (multiple choice, true or false and case studies) ________________________________________ Muscular System Multiple Choice Quiz Please answer all questions 1 Which of the following types of muscle are found in the stomach or blood vessels? A) cardiac B) skeletal C) visceral D) striated 2 A large broad sheet of connective tissue, such as on the abdomen, is called a/an _____ . A) aponeurosis B) epimysium C) perimysium D) endomysium 3 The membrane that is the closest to the individual muscle fiber is the _____ . A) aponeurosis B) epimysium C) perimysium D) endomysium 4 A group of skeletal muscle fibers is called a/an _____. A) perimysium B) fascicle C) epimysium D) tendon 5 The structure that connects muscles to bones is the _____. A) aponeurosis B) fascicle C) tendon D) ligament 6 The fibers of a muscle that are connected to the overlying skin fibers is the _____ . A) subcutaneous fascia B) deep fascia C) subserous fascia D) tendon 7 The muscle cells within a group such as the biceps brachii are individually called _____ . A) sarcolemmas B) fibers C) myocyte D) myofibrils 8 The fiber cell membrane is termed the _____ . A) myofibril B) myosin C) myofilament D) sarcolemma 9 Which of the following does not belong with the others? A) myofilament B) myosin C) myofibril D) actin 10 The smallest, functional unit of contraction is the _____. A) fiber B) sarcomere C) filament D) myofibril 11 The I bands in a sarcomere are made of _____ . A) myosin B) actin and myosin C) tropomyosin D) actin 12 The _____ zone contains only myosin and is in the center of a sarcomere. A) A B) I C) M D) H 13 The cisternae are enlarged portions of the _____ . A) sarcoplasmic reticulum B) endoplasmic reticulum C) transverse tubules D) T-tubules 14 The gap between the muscle and a nerve is the _____. A) synapse B) motor end plate C) myoneural junction D) motor neuron 15 The chemical that crosses a neuromuscular gap is _____. A) sodium B) a protein C) a neurotransmitter D) calcium 16 The combination of a neuron and the muscle fiber it associates with is called a/an _____ . A) fascicle B) motor end plate C) motor unit D) myoneural junction 17 The most abundant of the muscle proteins is _____ . A) actin B) troponin C) myosin D) tropomyosin 18 The main force of contraction occurs when actin forms a chemical complex with _____ . A) troponin B) myosin C) tropomyosin D) acetylcholine 19 When a muscle is at rest, which of the following is not associated chemically with the others? A) actin B) myosin C) troponin D) tropomyosin 20 During the contraction of a sarcomere, calcium ions bind with the protein _____. A) actin B) myosin C) troponin D) tropomyosin 21 The main neurotransmitter involved in skeletal muscle contraction is _____. A) adrenalin B) noradrenalin C) acetylcholine D) dopamine 22 Which molecule directly supplies energy to myosin to allow the filaments to contract? A) adenosine diphosphate B) ATP C) creatine phosphate D) creatinine 23 What is the most abundant storage form of energy within a muscle fiber? A) glycogen B) ADP C) ATP D) creatine phosphate 24 What effect does creatine phosphokinase have an muscle activity? A) it causes a fiber to relax B) it stimulates ATP synthesis C) catalyzes the formation of creatine phosphate D) causes the breakdown or creatine into creatinine 25 How is excess sugar stored within muscle fibers? A) in ATP B) glycogen C) glucose D) creatinine 26 Which main factor allows muscle to sustain contraction even during times when the blood supply is low? A) the presence of hemoglobin B) glycogen storage C) myoglobin D) citric acid cycle 27 The reddish brown color of muscle is due to the presence of _____ molecules. A) creatine phosphate B) hemoglobin C) iron D) myoglobin 28 Which molecule is produced during exercise, resulting in the oxygen debt? A) glycogen B) lactate C) pyruvate D) ATP 29 Which of the following does not belong with the others? A) white muscles B) fast-contracting C) extensive sarcoplasmic reticulum D) relatively large supply of myoglobin 30 About _____% of ATP energy becomes liberated as heat from muscle metabolism. A) 25 B) 50 C) 75 D) 10 31 The minimum stimulus needed to cause a contraction is called the _____. A) all-or-none law B) threshold C) sub-maximal stimulus D) recruitment level 32 A single contraction of a muscle is called a ______. A) threshold B) recruitment C) twitch D) myogram 33 The period of time between the stimulus and contraction is called the _____. A) latent period B) refractory period C) contraction period D) relaxation period 34 The period of time in which a muscle will not respond to a stimulus is called the _____. A) latent period B) refractory period C) relaxation period D) threshold 35 The complete contraction of a muscle, without the ability to relax, is called _____. A) a sustained contraction B) fatigue C) tetanic contraction D) treppe 36 The constant contraction of a percentage of fibers within a muscle is referred to as _____. A) tetany B) tonus C) sustained contraction D) summation 37 Contractions called _____ occur whenever the forces applied to a muscle are increased, but the muscle does not appear to be moving. A) isotonic B) isometric C) tetanic D) summation contractions 38 Which of the following muscles always requires nerve impulses in order to contract? A) multi-unit smooth B) skeletal C) visceral smooth D) cardiac 39 Which type of muscle is found in the wall of blood vessels? A) skeletal B) cardiac C) smooth visceral D) multi-unit smooth 40 Since smooth muscle fibers have rhythmicity and can stimulate each other, they contract in a pattern called _____. A) a functional syncytium B) peristalsis C) tetany D) tonus 41 The degeneration of muscle fibers caused by a lack of proper stimulation and usage is called _____. A) hypertrophy B) atrophy C) dystrophy D) peristalsis 42 In smooth muscle, calcium ions combine with _____ to allow the actin and myosin cross-bridges to form. A) calmodulin B) troponin C) myosin D) tropomyosin 43 The following cause smooth muscles to contract except which one? A) acetylcholine B) troponin C) norepinephrine D) oxytocin 44 The presence of _____ allow cardiac muscle fibers to transmit impulses faster among themselves. A) cell membranes B) nerve fibers C) intercalated disks D) peristalsis 45 The muscle is called the _____ when it is causing the movement that is being described. A) antagonist B) synergist C) prime mover D) flexor 46 Muscles that act together to cause the same movements are called _____. A) synergists B) antagonists C) prime movers D) agonists 47 The sternocleidomastoid muscle was named because of its _____. A) shape B) size C) location D) points of attachment 48 The _____ muscle forms a broad flat sheet on top of the head. A) temporalis B) buccinator C) epicranius D) frontalis 49 Which muscle lines most of the inner cheek wall? A) orbicularis oris B) buccinator C) orbicularis oculi D) masseter 50 Which muscle causes smiling and is attached to the corners of the lips? A) zygomatic B) buccinator C) temporalis D) orbicularis oris 51 The _____ is the broad flat muscle on the neck, which causes frowning. A) sternocleidomastoid B) platysma C) buccinator D) pterygoid 52 A condition called temporomandibular syndrome can be caused by contraction of the _____. A) buccinator B) masseter C) platysma D) frontalis 53 The following muscles belong together except which one? A) masseter B) pterygoid C) temporalis D) digastric 54 The antagonist of the sternocleidomastoid is the _____. A) splenius capitis B) digastric C) trapezius D) semispinalis capitis 55 The triangular shaped muscle on the back that rotates the shoulder is the _____ A) trapezius B) rhomboid C) deltoid D) levator scapulae 56 The _____ muscle acts to elevate the shoulders. A) rhomboideus B) levator scapulae C) pectoralis major D) deltoid 57 Adduction of the scapulae in a posterior view is mainly accomplished by the _____. A) trapezius B) rhomboideus C) serratus anterior D) pectoralis minor 58 The _____ will move the shoulders on a forward plane. A) pectoralis major B) pectoralis minor C) deltoid D) serratus anterior 59 An antagonist of the teres major is the _____. A) pectoralis major B) supraspinatus C) infraspinatus D) subscapularis 60 The _____ is a common intramuscular injection site, which flexes the shoulder or extends the arm. A) pectoralis major B) deltoid C) trapezius D) coracobrachialis 61 Which triangular thoracic muscle causes the arms to move towards the midline? A) subscapularis B) teres minor C) pectoralis major D) latissimus dorsi 62 A synergist with the biceps brachii is the _____. A) triceps brachii B) brachialis C) deltoid D) supinator 63 The pronator teres inserts on the _____. A) radius B) ulna C) humerus D) scapula 64 The following belong together except which one? A) flexor carpi radialis B) palmaris longus C) flexor digitorum profundus D) extensor carpi ulnaris 65 Which of the following does not belong with the rest? A) external oblique B) transversus abdominis C) internal oblique D) rectus abdominis 66 The following can be grouped together except which one? A) coccygeus B) sphincter urethrae C) bulbospongiosus D) ischiocavernosus 67 The psoas major is the antagonist to the _____. A) psoas minor B) gluteus maximus C) iliacus D) pectineus 68 The _____ muscle attaches to a long band of tendon which runs down the lateral aspect of the leg. A) iliacus B) tensor fasciae latae C) adductor longus D) gracilis 69 The _____ muscle causes one to cross the leg by adducting the thigh and flexing the lower leg. A) iliopsoas B) sartorius C) gracilis D) adductor magnus 70 Which muscle runs from the anterior superior iliac spine to the medial tibial surface near the patella? A) vastus medialis B) vastus lateralis C) semitendinosus D) sartorius 71 Which of the following does not belong with the others? A) semimembranosus B) biceps femoris C) sartorius D) semitendinosus 72 Which of these does not belong with the others? A) vastus intermedius B) rectus femoris C) vastus medialis D) biceps femoris 73 The following cause dorsiflexion of the foot except which one? A) extensor digitorum longus B) soleus C) tibialis anterior D) peroneus tertius 74 Which of the following is attached to the calcaneus? A) gastrocnemius B) tibialis posterior C) peroneus longus D) peroneus tertius 75 The _____ is inserted on the base of the first metatarsal. A) soleus B) tibialis anterior C) tibialis posterior D) extensor digitorum longus 76 Spontaneous contraction of random groups of muscles is called _____. A) syncytium B) peristalsis C) fibrillation D) contracture 77 A disease which results in muscle weakness because of abnormal neuromuscular junction activity is _____. A) poliomyelitis B) myasthenia gravis C) multiple sclerosis D) muscular dystrophy 78 Which of the following refers to a prolonged muscular spasm? A) myotonia B) paresis C) myalgia D) contracture