WGU D315 NETWORK AND SECURITY - FOUNDATIONS OA
PRACTICE ASSESSMENT 2024/2025 ( FULL PACK QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS)/LATEST UPDATE A+ SCORE
What are the two primary protocols used in networking? (correct answer)TCP and IP
What are the four layers of the TCP/IP model in descending order? (correct answer)1. Application (top)
2. Transport
3. Network
4. Network Interface (bottom)
What are the seven layers of the OSI model in ascending order? (correct answer)1. Physical (bottom)
2. Data link
3. Network
4. Transport
5. Session
6. Presentation
7. Application
What are basic characteristics of the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)? (correct answer)TCP is
reliable in terms of delivery as it verifies the data and resends it if not delivered.
What are some characteristics of User Datagram Protocol (UDP) (correct answer)UDP is unreliable as it
doesn't guarantee redelivery of the data?
What is a brief synopsis of the Application layer in the TCP/IP model for networks? (correct answer)The
Application layer is responsible for the communication protocols between nodes. The protocols in this
layer include Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP and HTTPS), Secure Shell (SSH), and Network Time
Protocol (NTP), among many others.
,What is a brief synopsis of the Transport layer in the TCP/IP Protocol? (correct answer)The Transport
layer is responsible for the end-to-end transport of data. The protocols that live in this layer are the
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
What is a brief synopsis of the Network layer in the TCP/IP Protocol? (correct answer)The Network layer
defines the logical transmission protocols for the whole network. The main protocols that live in this
layer are the Internet Protocol (IP), Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), and the Address
Resolution Protocol (ARP).
What is a brief synopsis of the Network Interface Protocol? (correct answer)The Network Interface layer
establishes how data should be physically sent through the network.
What is a quick synopsis of Layer 7 in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model? (correct
answer)The Application layer is Layer 7. It is responsible for network applications (like HTTP or FTP) and
their production of data to be transferred over the network.
What is a quick synopsis of Layer 6 in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model? (correct
answer)The Presentation layer is Layer 6. It is responsible for translating data from the application layer
into the format required to transmit the data over the network as well as encrypting the data for security
if encryption is used.
What is a quick synopsis of Layer 5 in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model? (correct
answer)The session layer is Layer 5. It is responsible for connection establishment, session maintenance,
and authentication.
What is a quick synopsis of Layer 4 in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model? (correct
answer)The Transport layer is Layer 4. It provides services to the application layer and receives services
from the network layer. It is responsible for reliable delivery of data. It segments and reassembles data in
the correct order for the receiving device. It may also handle the reliable delivery of data and any retries
of data that are lost or corrupted (for example, TCP does this). This layer is often called the heart of the
OSI.
What is a quick synopsis of Layer 3 in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model? (correct
answer)The Network Layer is Layer 3. It is responsible for the transmission of data between hosts in
different networks as well as the routing of data packets. This layer is implemented in routers and some
switches.
,What is a quick synopsis of Layer 2 in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model? (correct
answer)The Data Link is layer 2. That Data Link layer is responsible for the delivery of data to the
receiving device or node. This layer is implemented in switch and bridge devices as well as anything with
a network interface, like a wireless or wired network card.
What is a quick synopsis of Layer 1 in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model? (correct
answer)The Physical is layer 1. It is responsible for the physical connections of the devices in the
network. This layer is implemented in hub, repeater, modem devices, and physical cabling.
Which transmission control protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP) layer performs addressing and routing?
(correct answer)The correct answer is The Network layer. It handles addressing and routing to different
networks.
Which layer of the OSI model does a bridge to make decisions about forwarding packets? (correct
answer)The correct answer is the Data Link layer. It represents network communication at a MAC-
address level and forwards packers to Layer 2 devices, like a bridge.
Which layer of the OSI model establishes, manages, and terminates connections? (correct answer)The
correct answer is the Session layer. It establishes, manages, and terminates connections.
What is a modem? (correct answer)A modem is a device necessary for sending and receiving data.
Modems allow computers to transport digital information over analogue lines, such as phone or cable
lines. Types of modems include cable modems, DSL modems, and satellite modems.
What is a router? (correct answer)A router is a point of connection between two or more networks that
forwards data packets between the networks. To have internet in your home, you need an internet
router that connects the networks on the internet to the network of your home.
You can access the internet's network either through a wired Ethernet port or via Wi-Fi.
What is a switch? (correct answer)A switch is used to connect devices in a specific network and allows
them to communicate efficiently within the network. A switch is a more complex version of a hub, in that
switches have the capability to add security measures and function far more intelligently, sending traffic
directly from the sender to the receiver without other devices being aware of the communication.
, Thus, a switch is less chatty and allows for more simultaneous conversations between devices. Most
internet routers include a switch in the form of wired and wireless Ethernet connections.
What is bridge, in an IT context? (correct answer)A bridge is similar to a router in that it connects two or
more networks. The difference is that a router analyzes data packets to determine where to send the
packet next, whereas a bridge simply forwards the data to the next network without analysis.
This makes for fast data transfer that lacks versatility. Bridges are not widely used in modern networks,
as routers and switches are the favored devices.
What is a repeater? (correct answer)A repeater is a device used to strengthen, replicate, and regenerate
signals that are weakened (for example, because of distance) during transmission. In many large homes,
the Wi-FI signal does not extend to the end of the house farthest from the router.
A range extender is a form of repeater that takes the distorted Wi-Fi signal and transmits it to the
formerly dead zone.
What is a hub? (correct answer)A hub connects the router to the network, takes the data packets from
the router, and sends them to all the devices connected to the network. An example is a USB hub.
By connecting a USB hub to your computer, data packets are able to be transferred to multiple devices
connected to your computer; each device then looks at only the traffic destined for it and ignores the
rest.
Which device is used to connect host devices within a local area network? (correct answer)The correct
answer is a switch. The switch is the best choice for managing traffic that connects devices locally since
one would not need to route or direct traffic outside of the local area network.
Which device operates at layer 2 of the OSI model?
- Hub
- Repeater
- Switch
PRACTICE ASSESSMENT 2024/2025 ( FULL PACK QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS)/LATEST UPDATE A+ SCORE
What are the two primary protocols used in networking? (correct answer)TCP and IP
What are the four layers of the TCP/IP model in descending order? (correct answer)1. Application (top)
2. Transport
3. Network
4. Network Interface (bottom)
What are the seven layers of the OSI model in ascending order? (correct answer)1. Physical (bottom)
2. Data link
3. Network
4. Transport
5. Session
6. Presentation
7. Application
What are basic characteristics of the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)? (correct answer)TCP is
reliable in terms of delivery as it verifies the data and resends it if not delivered.
What are some characteristics of User Datagram Protocol (UDP) (correct answer)UDP is unreliable as it
doesn't guarantee redelivery of the data?
What is a brief synopsis of the Application layer in the TCP/IP model for networks? (correct answer)The
Application layer is responsible for the communication protocols between nodes. The protocols in this
layer include Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP and HTTPS), Secure Shell (SSH), and Network Time
Protocol (NTP), among many others.
,What is a brief synopsis of the Transport layer in the TCP/IP Protocol? (correct answer)The Transport
layer is responsible for the end-to-end transport of data. The protocols that live in this layer are the
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
What is a brief synopsis of the Network layer in the TCP/IP Protocol? (correct answer)The Network layer
defines the logical transmission protocols for the whole network. The main protocols that live in this
layer are the Internet Protocol (IP), Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), and the Address
Resolution Protocol (ARP).
What is a brief synopsis of the Network Interface Protocol? (correct answer)The Network Interface layer
establishes how data should be physically sent through the network.
What is a quick synopsis of Layer 7 in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model? (correct
answer)The Application layer is Layer 7. It is responsible for network applications (like HTTP or FTP) and
their production of data to be transferred over the network.
What is a quick synopsis of Layer 6 in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model? (correct
answer)The Presentation layer is Layer 6. It is responsible for translating data from the application layer
into the format required to transmit the data over the network as well as encrypting the data for security
if encryption is used.
What is a quick synopsis of Layer 5 in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model? (correct
answer)The session layer is Layer 5. It is responsible for connection establishment, session maintenance,
and authentication.
What is a quick synopsis of Layer 4 in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model? (correct
answer)The Transport layer is Layer 4. It provides services to the application layer and receives services
from the network layer. It is responsible for reliable delivery of data. It segments and reassembles data in
the correct order for the receiving device. It may also handle the reliable delivery of data and any retries
of data that are lost or corrupted (for example, TCP does this). This layer is often called the heart of the
OSI.
What is a quick synopsis of Layer 3 in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model? (correct
answer)The Network Layer is Layer 3. It is responsible for the transmission of data between hosts in
different networks as well as the routing of data packets. This layer is implemented in routers and some
switches.
,What is a quick synopsis of Layer 2 in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model? (correct
answer)The Data Link is layer 2. That Data Link layer is responsible for the delivery of data to the
receiving device or node. This layer is implemented in switch and bridge devices as well as anything with
a network interface, like a wireless or wired network card.
What is a quick synopsis of Layer 1 in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model? (correct
answer)The Physical is layer 1. It is responsible for the physical connections of the devices in the
network. This layer is implemented in hub, repeater, modem devices, and physical cabling.
Which transmission control protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP) layer performs addressing and routing?
(correct answer)The correct answer is The Network layer. It handles addressing and routing to different
networks.
Which layer of the OSI model does a bridge to make decisions about forwarding packets? (correct
answer)The correct answer is the Data Link layer. It represents network communication at a MAC-
address level and forwards packers to Layer 2 devices, like a bridge.
Which layer of the OSI model establishes, manages, and terminates connections? (correct answer)The
correct answer is the Session layer. It establishes, manages, and terminates connections.
What is a modem? (correct answer)A modem is a device necessary for sending and receiving data.
Modems allow computers to transport digital information over analogue lines, such as phone or cable
lines. Types of modems include cable modems, DSL modems, and satellite modems.
What is a router? (correct answer)A router is a point of connection between two or more networks that
forwards data packets between the networks. To have internet in your home, you need an internet
router that connects the networks on the internet to the network of your home.
You can access the internet's network either through a wired Ethernet port or via Wi-Fi.
What is a switch? (correct answer)A switch is used to connect devices in a specific network and allows
them to communicate efficiently within the network. A switch is a more complex version of a hub, in that
switches have the capability to add security measures and function far more intelligently, sending traffic
directly from the sender to the receiver without other devices being aware of the communication.
, Thus, a switch is less chatty and allows for more simultaneous conversations between devices. Most
internet routers include a switch in the form of wired and wireless Ethernet connections.
What is bridge, in an IT context? (correct answer)A bridge is similar to a router in that it connects two or
more networks. The difference is that a router analyzes data packets to determine where to send the
packet next, whereas a bridge simply forwards the data to the next network without analysis.
This makes for fast data transfer that lacks versatility. Bridges are not widely used in modern networks,
as routers and switches are the favored devices.
What is a repeater? (correct answer)A repeater is a device used to strengthen, replicate, and regenerate
signals that are weakened (for example, because of distance) during transmission. In many large homes,
the Wi-FI signal does not extend to the end of the house farthest from the router.
A range extender is a form of repeater that takes the distorted Wi-Fi signal and transmits it to the
formerly dead zone.
What is a hub? (correct answer)A hub connects the router to the network, takes the data packets from
the router, and sends them to all the devices connected to the network. An example is a USB hub.
By connecting a USB hub to your computer, data packets are able to be transferred to multiple devices
connected to your computer; each device then looks at only the traffic destined for it and ignores the
rest.
Which device is used to connect host devices within a local area network? (correct answer)The correct
answer is a switch. The switch is the best choice for managing traffic that connects devices locally since
one would not need to route or direct traffic outside of the local area network.
Which device operates at layer 2 of the OSI model?
- Hub
- Repeater
- Switch
