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Samenvatting - Fysieke en Geriatrische Revalidatie I

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Traumatische aandoeningen van de lumbale wervelkolom

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March 10, 2024
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Written in
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Fysieke en Geriatrische revalidatie I
Traumatische aandoeningen van de lumbale wervelkolom


Begrippen

Wervelkolom verzameling van 33 wervels (7 CWZ, 12 TWZ, 5 LWZ, 5 (sacrum), 4 (coccyx))

Wervel Botstructuur dat helpt bij ondersteuning en bescherming van het ruggenmerg

Discus kraakbeenachtige structuur die dient als schokdempers en flexibiliteit bieden aan WK

Discus bulging/hernia uitstulping van discus zonder perforatie van anulus fibrosus

Antaligische houding Compensatiehouding met lichte flexie en laterale deviatie

Spondylolisthesis afglijden van de wervel tov onderliggende wervel

Disectomie verwijdering van de platgedrukte kraakbeenringen/volledige discus (bij hernia)

Laminectomie chirurgisch blootleggen van het ruggenmerg

Absolute indicatie neurologische uitval: cauda equina syndroom

Relatieve indicatie verminderd functioneren door hevige pijn


Anatomie
Voorste compartiment
● Wervellichaam
● Discus

Middelste compartiment
● Wervelkanaal
● Bescherming
ruggenmerg en
zenuwwortels

Achterste compartiment
● Wervelboog,
facetgewirchten
en ligamenten
→ sturen de
bewegingen


Drukveranderingen in wervelschijven

● Zie afbeelding
● Vochtverlies van de discus
tijdens de dag
● Vochtopname van de discus
tijdens de nacht

, Overbelastingstelsel
Wat? ● Repetitieve kleine belastingen (extreme training voor sport)
● Langdurige ongunstige houdingein (bandwerk bv)

Hoe? Acuut trauma: Plotse, intense kracht inwerking op de discus → ruptuur van anulus fibrosus

Symp? Scheurtjes, verbreding, verplaatsing van discusweefsel

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