NR546 Week 6 test your knowledge quiz / NR546 Week 6 Test Bank QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+

NR546 Week 6 test your knowledge quiz / NR546 Week 6 Test Bank QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+ A 40-year-old male presents to your emergency department (ED) with severe anxiety, generalized tremors, complaints of dizziness, diaphoresis, and agitation. He was incarcerated 2 days ago and is brought to the ED today by the police due to the development of acute symptoms. His social history is significant for heavy alcohol use. A Clinical Institutes Withdrawal Assessment Scale for Alcohol (CIWA) score is 39. The client tells you he has had withdrawal seizures in the past when he stops drinking. Which medication should you order? - CORRECT ANSWER-lorazepam (Ativan) Rationale: Benzodiazepines are the first-line treatment for clients having psychomotor agitation associated with alcohol withdrawal. This client has an increased risk of an alcohol-related withdrawal seizure, especially since he had one in the past. carbamazepine, levetiracetam, and phenytoin are not routinely used for alcohol withdrawal due to the lack of evidence demonstrating increased efficacy. Additionally, these drugs may potentially mask hemodynamic signs of withdrawal. Addiction is often driven by the client's attempts to: - CORRECT ANSWER-self-medicate an underlying mental health disorder adverse effects associated with the acute use of opioids: - CORRECT ANSWER--Itching -Constipation -Respiratory depression -Urinary retention -Sedation Opioid medication: Morphine - CORRECT ANSWER--Prototype opioid agonist -indicated for acute pain -binds to opioid receptors in the CNS, inhibiting ascending pain pathways, altering the perception & response to pain -also produces CNS depression and potentially respiratory depression *may be life-threatening, especially if utilized with benzodiazepines, CNS depressants, or alcohol onset of action: -immediate release formulation is patient-dependent, with variable absorption. -IV is 5-10 minutes, with a duration 3-5 hours. -Also available in controlled release formulation (MS Contin) and extended-release morphine (Avinza). Opioid medication: Fentanyl - CORRECT ANSWER--has an almost immediate onset of action when given IV, with a duration of 0.5-1 hour -More potent than morphine, but short duration of action -the preferred opioid for those unable to tolerate morphine or hydromorphone and in those with severe hepatic and renal disease -same indications as morphine and is also used frequently in procedural sedation and general anesthesia -Conversion between fentanyl products is NOT mcg for mcg Opioid medication: Hydromorphone - CORRECT ANSWER--Similar opioid agonist as morphine but more potent -Oral and parenteral doses are not equivalent