ARRT Radiography Exam (Mosby
Review) Questions and Answers
Ionizing Radiation - correct answers:radiation that is able to remove electrons from an atom through
ionization
Somatic effects - correct answers:refers to the effects of radiation to the body being irradiated
Genetic Effects - correct answers:refers to effects of radiation to a germ cell's genetic code; effects the
next generation
Primary radiation - correct answers:radiation exiting the x-ray tube
Remnant radiation (or Exit Radiation) - correct answers:x-rays the leave the patient and strike the image
receptor
attenuation - correct answers:absorption and scatter of the x-ray beam as it passes through the patient
heterogenous beam - correct answers:x-ray beam that has photons of many different energies
photoelectric effect - correct answers:absorption of x-ray photons in the body
compton effect - correct answers:scatter of x-ray photons in the body
air kerma - correct answers:unit of exposure
gray - correct answers:unit of absorbed dose
gray(a) - correct answers:unit of radiation absorbed in air
,gray(t) - correct answers:unit of radiation absorbed in tissue
sievert - correct answers:unit of effective dose or unit of equivalent dose
becquerel - correct answers:unit of activity
uncontrolled area - correct answers:general public area, like waiting room or stairways
controlled area - correct answers:occupied by people trained in radiation safety and wear radiation
badges/monitors
x-ray tube leakage may not exceed what? - correct answers:1mGy(a) per hour at a distance of 1 meter
from the housing
minimum lead equivalent for fluoro curtain - correct answers:0.25mm
minimum lead equivalent for bucky slot shield - correct answers:0.25mm
NAS or NRC-BEIR - correct answers:National Academy of Sciences/National Research Counsel on the
Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation
studies biologic effects of ionizing radiation and publishes the data
NCRP - correct answers:National Counsel on Radiation Protection
publishes radiation protection guidelines for the US
NRC - correct answers:Nuclear Regulatory Commission
, enforces radiation protection standards at the federal level
NCRP Report #102 - correct answers:makes recommendations on equipment design and protection
regarding lead shielding and fluoro and mobile exposure rates
NCRP Report #116 - correct answers:makes recommendations pertaining to risk-benefit analysis of
radiation exposure; states genetic and somatic effects need to be kept to a minimum; makes annual dose
limits
NCRP #160 - correct answers:addresses radiation exposure from all sources to people in the US
effective dose limit - correct answers:upper boundary dose that can be absorbed (either in a single
exposure or annually) with negligible risk of genetic or somatic effects to the individual
cumulative effective dose - correct answers:lifetime occupational exposure must not exceed
radiographer's age x 10 mSv
equivalent dose - correct answers:equal to the absorbed dose multiplied by the radiation weighting
factor
equivalent dose limit - correct answers:upper boundary dose that can be absorbed (either in a single
exposure or annually) with negligible risk of deterministic effect
Dose Area Product (DAP) - correct answers:total air kerma striking the patient
probabilistic effects (stochastic) - correct answers:randomly occurring effects of radiation; probability is
proportional to the dose (increased dose = increased probability)
Deterministic Effects - correct answers:radiation effects that become more severe at higher levels of
radiation exposure; do not occur below a certain threshold
Review) Questions and Answers
Ionizing Radiation - correct answers:radiation that is able to remove electrons from an atom through
ionization
Somatic effects - correct answers:refers to the effects of radiation to the body being irradiated
Genetic Effects - correct answers:refers to effects of radiation to a germ cell's genetic code; effects the
next generation
Primary radiation - correct answers:radiation exiting the x-ray tube
Remnant radiation (or Exit Radiation) - correct answers:x-rays the leave the patient and strike the image
receptor
attenuation - correct answers:absorption and scatter of the x-ray beam as it passes through the patient
heterogenous beam - correct answers:x-ray beam that has photons of many different energies
photoelectric effect - correct answers:absorption of x-ray photons in the body
compton effect - correct answers:scatter of x-ray photons in the body
air kerma - correct answers:unit of exposure
gray - correct answers:unit of absorbed dose
gray(a) - correct answers:unit of radiation absorbed in air
,gray(t) - correct answers:unit of radiation absorbed in tissue
sievert - correct answers:unit of effective dose or unit of equivalent dose
becquerel - correct answers:unit of activity
uncontrolled area - correct answers:general public area, like waiting room or stairways
controlled area - correct answers:occupied by people trained in radiation safety and wear radiation
badges/monitors
x-ray tube leakage may not exceed what? - correct answers:1mGy(a) per hour at a distance of 1 meter
from the housing
minimum lead equivalent for fluoro curtain - correct answers:0.25mm
minimum lead equivalent for bucky slot shield - correct answers:0.25mm
NAS or NRC-BEIR - correct answers:National Academy of Sciences/National Research Counsel on the
Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation
studies biologic effects of ionizing radiation and publishes the data
NCRP - correct answers:National Counsel on Radiation Protection
publishes radiation protection guidelines for the US
NRC - correct answers:Nuclear Regulatory Commission
, enforces radiation protection standards at the federal level
NCRP Report #102 - correct answers:makes recommendations on equipment design and protection
regarding lead shielding and fluoro and mobile exposure rates
NCRP Report #116 - correct answers:makes recommendations pertaining to risk-benefit analysis of
radiation exposure; states genetic and somatic effects need to be kept to a minimum; makes annual dose
limits
NCRP #160 - correct answers:addresses radiation exposure from all sources to people in the US
effective dose limit - correct answers:upper boundary dose that can be absorbed (either in a single
exposure or annually) with negligible risk of genetic or somatic effects to the individual
cumulative effective dose - correct answers:lifetime occupational exposure must not exceed
radiographer's age x 10 mSv
equivalent dose - correct answers:equal to the absorbed dose multiplied by the radiation weighting
factor
equivalent dose limit - correct answers:upper boundary dose that can be absorbed (either in a single
exposure or annually) with negligible risk of deterministic effect
Dose Area Product (DAP) - correct answers:total air kerma striking the patient
probabilistic effects (stochastic) - correct answers:randomly occurring effects of radiation; probability is
proportional to the dose (increased dose = increased probability)
Deterministic Effects - correct answers:radiation effects that become more severe at higher levels of
radiation exposure; do not occur below a certain threshold
