TCU: contemporary issues in biology exam 2 – Sawey Questions and Answers

TCU: contemporary issues in biology exam 2 – Sawey Questions and Answers Chromosomal gene disorders - Answer- Gametes have abnormal chromosome numbers and mutation -offspring inherit extra chromosome or are missing one -caused by problems with meiosis Down syndrome is an example of a _________ gene disorder - Answer- chromosomal Single gene disorders - Answer- correct number of chromosomes, but one of the chromosomes contains a gene that is responsible for the disease Cystic Fibrosis is an example of a ________ gene disorder - Answer- single Down Syndrome - Answer- occurs when 21st chromosome pairs don't separate properly during meiosis- child gets 3 chromosomes of 21st pair. Caused by a recessive allele. Hemophilia is a example of a ___________ gene disorder - Answer- single can a man be a carrier for a sex linked disease? - Answer- no hemophilia - Answer- mutations in DNA that prevent blood clotting proteins from being made caused by a sex-linked recessive allele -only linked to X sex chromosome Xn Xn or Xn Y Genotype - Answer- refers to alleles phenotype - Answer- refers to appearance how many human diseases are thought to be inherited? - Answer- 4,000 how many genetic tests available to doctors - Answer- 900 In vitro fertilization - Answer- tests can be run on embryos created this way prior to implantation DTC= Direct to consumer tests - Answer- -not regulated by FDA -consumers don't usually have enough knowledge about genetics to understand the results genetic tests positives - Answer- -not as worried about getting a disease -might be able to change lifestyle to reduce risk of getting disease -your doctor will now how often to check to see if the disease is developing -you might be able to take medicine to prevent the disease Genetic test negatives - Answer- -may make you more worried -may cause feeling of guilt or strain on family relationships amniocentesis - Answer- around age 45 risk of having a child with down syndrome exceeds risk of miscarriage -before 45: test not done -after 45: test is more common Human are made out of about _______ types of proteins - Answer- 2 million humans run on the energy of _______ converted from ______ and ______ - Answer- ATP;glucose and fats major function of a typical cell is to - Answer- produce proteins What is required for the process of cells producing proteins - Answer- ATP Cellular respiration - Answer- Process by which energy of sugar(glucose) is converted into the energy of ATP