MDARD Pesticide Core Exam | Questions with 100% correct answers | verified

Define "pest" - Answer-An undesirable organism that injures humans, desirable plants and animals, manufactured products, or natural substances. What are the four main groups of pests? (ex?) - Answer-1. Weeds (undesirable plants) 2. Invertebrates (insects, mites, ticks, spiders, snails, slugs) 3. Disease agents or pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, nematodes, etc.) 4. Vertebrates (birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, and rodents/other mammals) What is the importance of pest identification in pest control? - Answer-Pest species have different physical forms depending on the life cycle stage or the time of year, you don't want to spray the wrong chemical for the wrong pest What are the six general pest management methods? - Answer-1. Biological control 2. Chemical control 3. Cultural control (mulching/cover crops for weeds) 4. Genetic control (genetically modified for resistance) 5. Mechanical/Physical control (traps, fencing, mulch, etc.) 6. Regulatory control (quarantine & eradication) Define "integrated pest management" (IPM) - Answer-A pest management strategy that utilizes a wide range of pest control methods or tactics. Goal = prevent pests from reaching economically or aesthetically What are the five benefits of using IPM? - Answer-1. IPM helps to keep a balanced ecosystem 2. Pesticides can be ineffective 3. IPM can save money 4. IPM promotes a healthy environment 5. IPM maintains a good public imageHow can using one or more control options improve pest control? - Answer-It can help prevent pests from multiplying, especially if the pest is pesticide resistant. Overall makes things easier to the pesticide applicator. How does selectivity and persistence affect chemical controls? - Answer-Selectivity - chemicals that are toxic to some pests but have little or no effect on others. Persistance - how long they remain active to control pests, some control for weeks/months/years, others short term/hourly. How does pest population levels trigger control procedures? - Answer-The economic threshold (pest population per unit area) must be lower than the economic injury level (pest population density that causes losses equal to the cost of control measures) OR Pesticide users What is the difference between prevention and suppression when developing pest management goals? - Answer-prevention is aimed towards pest prevention, while suppression is aimed at reducing pest population Give several reasons why pest applications may fail? - Answer-Wrong pest identification, wrong dosage, incorrect use, wrong application timing, wrong application equipment, environmental conditions, pesticide degradation (wrong storage method) What is the importance of a pesticides modes of action in managing pesticide resistance? - AnswerYou want the modes of action to be different than past ones used, aka the same modes of action will trigger the resistance What are the two tactics that will minimize the development of pesticide resistance? - AnswerAlways change pesticide use patterns. Treating alternate generations of pests with pesticides that have different modes of action. Types of chemical controls - Answer-Avicides (birds), bactericides (bacteria), chemosterilants (sterilize insects/pest invertebrates), defoliants (drop foliage), desiccants (promote drying/loss of moisture from plants+insects),disinfectants (control microorganisms), fungicides, Growth regulators, Herbicides (weeds), insecticides, miticides, molluscicides, nematicides, ovicides (destroys eggs), Pheromones (attracts insects), piscicides (control pest fish), predacides (control predatory vertebrates), repellents, rodenticides