Nutrition Final Exam Correct Questions and Answers!

Energy-yielding Nutrients - ANSWER the nutrients that break down to yield energy the body can use; protein, fat and carbs Kcals/g for energy-yielding nutrients - ANSWER proteins/carbs-4, fat-9, alcohol-7 Essential Nutrients - ANSWER nutrients that must come from food because our bodies cannot produce it in sufficient amounts to meet physiological needs Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) - ANSWER a set of nutrient intake values for healthy people in the U.S. and Canada Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) - ANSWER the average daily amount of nutrient considered adequate to meet the known nutrient needs of practically all healthy people Legumes - ANSWER group of plants that include beans and peas; generally low in fat and are nutrient and fiber rich; examples- black beans, kidney beans, peanuts Discretionary Calories - ANSWER the kcalories remaining in a person's energy allowance after consuming enough nutrient-dense foods to meet all nutrient needs for a day Whole Grains - ANSWER a grain that maintains the same relative proportions of starchy endosperm, germ, and bran as the original; at least half of grains should be whole; look for "whole grain" as one of first things in ingredient list Fortified foods - ANSWER the addition to a food of nutrients that were either not originally present or present in insignificant amounts; cereal is highly fortified Vegetarians - ANSWER people who exclude meat, poultry, fish or other animal-derived foods from their diets Iron in Vegetarians - ANSWER RDA for iron is higher in vegetarians; iron absorption enhanced by Vitamin C; vegetarians are no more iron deificient than other people Non-heme iron - ANSWER Iron found in non-meat based foods; can be found in vegetables, grains, iron-fortified cereals and legumes; not absorbed by the body as well as heme iron