3B - Chapter 1 - General Turf Maintenance Practices with Complete Solutions

3B - Chapter 1 - General Turf Maintenance Practices with Complete Solutions Describe the benefits of a well maintained turf in: Commercial and Residential lawns Benefits include aesthetics of visual appeal, and increased values for homes/businesses. Environmental benefits include, enhanced air quality, oxygen production, reduced water runoff and soil erosion, reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide, storing soil nitrogen, and carbon, and dissipating heat Describe the benefits of a well maintained turf in: Athletic fields Visual appeal of well maintained sports field. Social benefits include opportunities for sports, recreation and relaxation. Describe the benefits of a well maintained turf in: Golf courses Golf courses also have visual appeal, and pleasing aesthetics. Also providing opportunity for recreation and fellowship, and relaxation. Describe the temperature conditions (i.e. ranges) under which cool-season turfgrass species perform best Cool season species actively grow in the late spring and early fall, less active in summer. Growth and net energy production of cool-season grasses is optimum at 68-77 degrees F. Cool-season species typically keep some of green color in winter, especially in southern Indiana. Describe the temperature conditions (i.e. ranges) under which warm-season turfgrass species perform best Warm-season species are actively growing in summer and enter winter dormancy and lose green color after first hard frost. Turn brown, and remain brown until April or May growth. Warm-season grass growth and net energy production is optimum at 86-95 degrees F. List four common Cool-Season turfgrass species Kentucky bluegrass (poa pratensis) Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) Fine fescues (Festuca spp). Aslo Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) Golf courses only. Distinguish which species are Spreading vs. Bunch-type Kentucky bluegrass (poa pratensis)- Rhizomes- Spreading Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) - Bunch type Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) - Bunch type Fine fescues (Festuca spp). - Bunch type Aslo Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) Golf courses only. - Stolons - Spreading List two common Warm-season turfgrass species Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) Zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica) State whether these warm-season grasses are spreading or bunch type Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) - Stolons and Rhizomes - Spreading Zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica) - Stolons and Rhizomes - Spreading List three criteria for judging the appearance of healthy turf Main Criteria Color Density Uniformity Other aspects of Turf quality include: Aesthetics Texture Growth habit