STROKE REHABILITATION EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

STROKE REHABILITATION EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS What should All suspected stroke patients be admitted directly and what does this allow? - Answer-o Specialist acute stroke unit: o Early recognition and treatment of complications o MDT working o Co-ordinated and organised in-patient care with weekly MDT meetings o Programmes of education and training for staff, patients, carers o Involvement of carers in rehabilitation o Staff interest and expertise Define aphasia - Answer-loss of ability to understand or express speech due to brain dysfunction What is expressive dysphasia? - Answer-o understands language, but cannot find the right words o recognises incorrect language o reading and writing may be affected What is receptive dysphasia? - Answer-o inability to understand language o does not recognise error in speech o reading & writing affected What is dysarthria? - Answer-· know what they want to say, but cannot get the words out correctly · understanding, ready & writing notaffected What is hemianopia? - Answer-Loss of one half of the visual fields Define apraxia - Answer-Difficulty in performing tasks despite intact motor function Define asterognosis - Answer-Inability to identify objects in both hands by touch alone despite intact sensation Define agnosia - Answer-o Inability to recognise objects. o Persons, sounds, shapes or smells when the specific sense is intact or these is no memory loss Define inattention - Answer-Inability to attend to stimuli bilaterally despite intact sensation When does aphasia usually occur? - Answer-occurs when someone has a left hemisphere stroke - usually when Broca's or Wernicke's are the site of the location What is Receptive dysphasia due to? - Answer-a lesion in Wernicke's area and results in the inability to understand language correctly What is receptive dysphagia usually associated with? - Answer-· there is often a combination of expressive and receptive dysphasia, as the two areas are closely related anatomically What is the difference between dysarthria and aphasia? - Answer-· in dysarthria, comprehension, reading and writing should not be affected Define dysarthria - Answer-o motor disturbance of speech o a problem of weak muscles and reduced control affecting the ability to speakclearly How may a person with dysarthria appear? - Answer-· The person may sound slurred, get easily out of breath and have a flat-sounding voice Define dyspraxia - Answer-· Dyspraxia affects the person's ability to respond voluntarily in conversation, but they may be able to do things automatically e.g. greet a person How does a person with dyspraxia appear? - Answer-· Typically, the person is unable to repeat things and seems to grope for words and sounds What % of people have dysphagia after stroke? - Answer-30-50% What members of the MDT manage dysphagia and how? - Answer-o Doctors & nurses - screening assessments (if complex they may refer on without screening the patient first) o Speech & Language Therapist (SALT) - assess the patient further to check the risks for oral intake o Physiotherapist - assess appropriate positioning for swallowing & monitor the patient's chest o Occupational Therapist (OT) - assess seating for eating and drinking & look at hand- mouth coordination and adaptations to aid eating and drinking o Dietician - assess and monitor intake