NSC 1306 Final Exam Questions and
Answers
Applied Research - Answer-Research that is intended to bring about some direct benefit
to human kind
Autonomic nervous system - Answer-Part of the PNS that participates in the regulation
of the body internal environment
Biopsychology - Answer-scientific study of the biology of behavior
Between- subjects design - Answer-experimental design in which a different group of
subjects is tested under each condition
Clinical - Answer-pertaining to treatment
Comparative approach - Answer-The study of biological processes by comparing
different species
Confounding variable - Answer-A factor other than the factor being studied that might
produce an effect
Coolidge effect - Answer-the revival of sexual arousal caused by the presence of a
novel partner
Critical thinking - Answer-process of recognizing the weakness of existing ideas and the
evidence on which they are based
Converging operations - Answer-use of several research approaches to solve a single
problem
Comparative psychology - Answer-studies evolution, genetics, and adaptiveness of
behavior by using the comparing to other species
Case study - Answer-An in-depth investigation of an individual subject.
Cognitive neuroscience - Answer-uses functional brain imaging to study the neural
mechanisms of human cognition
Cerebral cortex - Answer-layer of neural tissue covering the cerebral hemispheres
Evolutionary perspective - Answer-focuses of the environmental pressures that likely led
to the evolution of the brain and behavior of a species
,Ethological research - Answer-The study of animal behavior in its natural environment
Generalizability - Answer-the degree to which their results can be applied to other cases
Korsakoff's syndrom - Answer-- neuopsychological disorder with symptoms of memory
loss, sensory/motor dysfunction, and severe dementia
- common in alcoholics
Leucotome - Answer-Any of the various surgical devices used for performing lobotomies
Lordosis - Answer-posture of a female rodent sexual receptivity
Morgan's Canon - Answer-rule that the simplest possible explanation for behavior
should be given precedence
Neurons - Answer-specialized for reception, conduction, and transmission of
electrochemical signals
Neuroscience - Answer-- the scientific study of the nervous system
- interdisciplinary scientific approaches to the study of the brain
Neuroanatomy - Answer-- The study of the structure of the nervous system
- the brain
Neuroendocrinology - Answer-study of how brain and behavior are affected by
hormones
Neuropathology - Answer-Nervous system disorders
Neuropharmacology - Answer-The study of the effects of drugs on neural activity
Neurophysiology - Answer-Functions and activities of the nervous system
Neuropsychology - Answer-The study of the behavioral effects of brain damage in
humans.
Psychosurgery - Answer-Surgical destruction of specific brain areas
Prefrontal lobes - Answer-the large areas, left and right, at the very front of the brain.
Prefrontal lobotomy - Answer-surgical disconnection of the prefrontal cortex from the
rest of the brain
Psychophysiology - Answer-Studies the relation between physiological activity and
psychological processes in human subjects
,Psychopharmacology - Answer-the study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior
Physiological psychology - Answer-- the study of the neural mechanisms of behavior
through direct manipulation
- nonhuman subjects
Pure research - Answer-research for the sake of knowledge
Quasiexperimental studies - Answer-- Studies of groups of subjects exposed to
conditions in the real world
- lots of confounding variables
Scientific inference - Answer-logical process by which events are used to infer
properties of unobservable events
Transitional research - Answer-research the is converted from scientific discoveries to
effective applications
Transorbital lobotomy - Answer-A prefrontal lobotomy performed with a cutting
instrument inserted through the eye socket
Thinking creatively - Answer-productive and unconventional ways
Within-subjects design - Answer-same subjects are tested under each condition
Anterior - Answer-Toward the front (nose end)
Astrocytes - Answer-- a star-shaped glial cell of the central nervous system.
- blood brain barrier
Arachnoid membrane - Answer-- Meningie with spider web like appearance
Middle layer of the three membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord- middle
layer
Afferent nerves - Answer-Carry Sensory signals to the spinal cord (CNS)
Blood-brain barrier - Answer-A mechanism that prevents certain molecule from entering
the brain but allows others to cross
Bipolar neuron - Answer-neurons with 2 process
Basal ganglia - Answer-collection of subcortical nuclei
- striatum and globus pallidus
Brain stem - Answer-- cerebral hemispheres rest on it
- regulates reflex activities like heart rate and breathing
, Central canal - Answer-a fluid-filled channel in the center of the spinal cord
cross section - Answer-section cut at a right angle to and structure in the CNS
Cerebellum - Answer-- sensory motors skills and memory storage
- mesencephalic structure
Central nervous sytem - Answer-Brain and spinal cord
Cerebral aqueduct - Answer-Connects the third and fourth ventricles
Contralateral - Answer-projecting from onesie of the body to the other side
Cerebral commissures - Answer-Hemisphere connecting tracts
Corpus callosum - Answer-- The structure that connects the two cerebral hemispheres.
- cerebral commissure
Central fissure - Answer-separates frontal lobe from parietal lobe
Columnar organization - Answer-Specific sites in brain respond to a particular body
location and modality
Cingulate gyri - Answer-- on the frontal lobe. - processing emotions and behavior
regulation.
Caudate - Answer-The tail-like structure that is part of the striatum
Cranial nerves - Answer-12 pairs of nerves that carry messages to and from the brain
Choroid plexuses - Answer-produce cerebrospinal fluid
Cerebral ventricles - Answer-Cerebrospinal fluid fills space in the brain called
Cerebrospinal fluid - Answer-clear liquid produced in the ventricles of the brain
Dura mater - Answer-tough outer meningi
Diencephalon - Answer-thalamus and hypothalamus
Dorsal root ganglia - Answer-clusters of sensory neurons outside the spinal cord
Distal - Answer-Far from something
dorsal - Answer-toward the back
Answers
Applied Research - Answer-Research that is intended to bring about some direct benefit
to human kind
Autonomic nervous system - Answer-Part of the PNS that participates in the regulation
of the body internal environment
Biopsychology - Answer-scientific study of the biology of behavior
Between- subjects design - Answer-experimental design in which a different group of
subjects is tested under each condition
Clinical - Answer-pertaining to treatment
Comparative approach - Answer-The study of biological processes by comparing
different species
Confounding variable - Answer-A factor other than the factor being studied that might
produce an effect
Coolidge effect - Answer-the revival of sexual arousal caused by the presence of a
novel partner
Critical thinking - Answer-process of recognizing the weakness of existing ideas and the
evidence on which they are based
Converging operations - Answer-use of several research approaches to solve a single
problem
Comparative psychology - Answer-studies evolution, genetics, and adaptiveness of
behavior by using the comparing to other species
Case study - Answer-An in-depth investigation of an individual subject.
Cognitive neuroscience - Answer-uses functional brain imaging to study the neural
mechanisms of human cognition
Cerebral cortex - Answer-layer of neural tissue covering the cerebral hemispheres
Evolutionary perspective - Answer-focuses of the environmental pressures that likely led
to the evolution of the brain and behavior of a species
,Ethological research - Answer-The study of animal behavior in its natural environment
Generalizability - Answer-the degree to which their results can be applied to other cases
Korsakoff's syndrom - Answer-- neuopsychological disorder with symptoms of memory
loss, sensory/motor dysfunction, and severe dementia
- common in alcoholics
Leucotome - Answer-Any of the various surgical devices used for performing lobotomies
Lordosis - Answer-posture of a female rodent sexual receptivity
Morgan's Canon - Answer-rule that the simplest possible explanation for behavior
should be given precedence
Neurons - Answer-specialized for reception, conduction, and transmission of
electrochemical signals
Neuroscience - Answer-- the scientific study of the nervous system
- interdisciplinary scientific approaches to the study of the brain
Neuroanatomy - Answer-- The study of the structure of the nervous system
- the brain
Neuroendocrinology - Answer-study of how brain and behavior are affected by
hormones
Neuropathology - Answer-Nervous system disorders
Neuropharmacology - Answer-The study of the effects of drugs on neural activity
Neurophysiology - Answer-Functions and activities of the nervous system
Neuropsychology - Answer-The study of the behavioral effects of brain damage in
humans.
Psychosurgery - Answer-Surgical destruction of specific brain areas
Prefrontal lobes - Answer-the large areas, left and right, at the very front of the brain.
Prefrontal lobotomy - Answer-surgical disconnection of the prefrontal cortex from the
rest of the brain
Psychophysiology - Answer-Studies the relation between physiological activity and
psychological processes in human subjects
,Psychopharmacology - Answer-the study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior
Physiological psychology - Answer-- the study of the neural mechanisms of behavior
through direct manipulation
- nonhuman subjects
Pure research - Answer-research for the sake of knowledge
Quasiexperimental studies - Answer-- Studies of groups of subjects exposed to
conditions in the real world
- lots of confounding variables
Scientific inference - Answer-logical process by which events are used to infer
properties of unobservable events
Transitional research - Answer-research the is converted from scientific discoveries to
effective applications
Transorbital lobotomy - Answer-A prefrontal lobotomy performed with a cutting
instrument inserted through the eye socket
Thinking creatively - Answer-productive and unconventional ways
Within-subjects design - Answer-same subjects are tested under each condition
Anterior - Answer-Toward the front (nose end)
Astrocytes - Answer-- a star-shaped glial cell of the central nervous system.
- blood brain barrier
Arachnoid membrane - Answer-- Meningie with spider web like appearance
Middle layer of the three membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord- middle
layer
Afferent nerves - Answer-Carry Sensory signals to the spinal cord (CNS)
Blood-brain barrier - Answer-A mechanism that prevents certain molecule from entering
the brain but allows others to cross
Bipolar neuron - Answer-neurons with 2 process
Basal ganglia - Answer-collection of subcortical nuclei
- striatum and globus pallidus
Brain stem - Answer-- cerebral hemispheres rest on it
- regulates reflex activities like heart rate and breathing
, Central canal - Answer-a fluid-filled channel in the center of the spinal cord
cross section - Answer-section cut at a right angle to and structure in the CNS
Cerebellum - Answer-- sensory motors skills and memory storage
- mesencephalic structure
Central nervous sytem - Answer-Brain and spinal cord
Cerebral aqueduct - Answer-Connects the third and fourth ventricles
Contralateral - Answer-projecting from onesie of the body to the other side
Cerebral commissures - Answer-Hemisphere connecting tracts
Corpus callosum - Answer-- The structure that connects the two cerebral hemispheres.
- cerebral commissure
Central fissure - Answer-separates frontal lobe from parietal lobe
Columnar organization - Answer-Specific sites in brain respond to a particular body
location and modality
Cingulate gyri - Answer-- on the frontal lobe. - processing emotions and behavior
regulation.
Caudate - Answer-The tail-like structure that is part of the striatum
Cranial nerves - Answer-12 pairs of nerves that carry messages to and from the brain
Choroid plexuses - Answer-produce cerebrospinal fluid
Cerebral ventricles - Answer-Cerebrospinal fluid fills space in the brain called
Cerebrospinal fluid - Answer-clear liquid produced in the ventricles of the brain
Dura mater - Answer-tough outer meningi
Diencephalon - Answer-thalamus and hypothalamus
Dorsal root ganglia - Answer-clusters of sensory neurons outside the spinal cord
Distal - Answer-Far from something
dorsal - Answer-toward the back
