Government FCLE SC Review Questions and Answers 100% Pass

Government FCLE SC Review Questions and Answers 100% Pass McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) -Answer-the Supreme Court upheld the power of the national government and denied the right of a state to tax the federal bank using the Constitution's supremacy clause. The Court's broad interpretation of the necessary and proper clause paved the way for later rulings upholding expansive federal powers Marbury v. Madison (1803) -Answer-This case establishes the Supreme Court's power of Judicial Review Dredd Scott v. Sanford (1857) -Answer-Declared the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional, which meant that Congress didn't have the authority to prohibit slavery in the territories; ESTABLISHED SLAVES AS PROPERTY, NOT PEOPLE Brown v. Board of Education (1954) -Answer-Overrules Plessy v. Ferguson (no stare decisis). Racial segregation violates 14th Amendment Equal Protection Clause ("separate is inherently unequal") Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) -Answer-Legalized segregation in publicly owned facilities on the basis of "separate but equal." Schenck v. United States (1919) -Answer-Speech creating a "clear and present danger" is not protected by the First Amendment West Virginia v. Barnette (1943) -Answer-The Free Speech clause of the First Amendment prohibits public schools from forcing students to salute the American flag and say the Pledge of Allegiance. District Court affirmed. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) -Answer-Supreme Court case in which the Court ruled that the 6th Amendment applies and a defendant in a felony trial must be provided a lawyer free of charge if the defendant cannot afford one. Miranda v. Arizona (1966) -Answer-5th Amendment self-incrimination clause requires government agents to warn suspects of their right to remain silent and/or contact an attorney before questioning them when they are in custody. Statements made without Miranda Warning are inadmissible in court (like the exclusionary rule for evidence) Engel v. Vitale (1962) -Answer-Prohibited state-sponsored recitation of prayer in public schools by virtue of 1st Amendment's establishment clause and the 14th Amendment's due process clause; Warren Court's judicial activism. Korematsu v. United States (1944) -Answer-Internment of Japanese-Americans during WWII does not violate 14th Amendment Equal Protection Clause (gets strict scrutiny but national security is a good enough reason to justify the racial discrimination). Mapp v. Ohio (1961) -Answer-Evidence illegally gathered by the police may not be used in a criminal trial, established the exclusionary rule. Tinker v. Des Moines (1969) -Answer-Students in an Iowa school were suspended for wearing black armbands to protest the Vietnam war. Ruled that this suspension was unconstitutional, and that public school students do not "shed their constitutional rights at the schoolhouse door." In re Gault (1967) -Answer-14th amendment Due Process Clause allows requirements for state delinquency proceedings. established the principle that young persons have constitutional rights