Wendy Beckham 2402 FINAL Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers

Wendy Beckham 2402 FINAL Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers What is/are the primary function(s) of the endocrine system? - answer• Secretes hormones into the blood via endocrine glands • Communicates with target cells throughout the body • The response is slow, long-lasting (minutes to weeks) and widespread What other system functions as a regulatory system? - answerNervous System What do endocrine glands produce and where do they secrete these substances? - answerHormones into the bloodstream What is the difference between an endocrine gland and an exocrine gland? - answerEndocrine glands secrete their substances straight into the bloodstream. Exocrine glands secrete substances into a ductal system. What part of the brain functions as the control center of the endocrine system? - answerThe hypothalamus Compare and contrast the anterior pituitary and the posterior pituitary - answerThe anterior pituitary synthesizes and releases TSH, PRL, FSH, LH, ACTH and GH. The posterior pituitary ONLY stores and releases ADH and oxytocin. Does the posterior pituitary "produce" hormones? - answerNo. It only STORES and releases ADH and oxytocin. Describe where OXYTOCIN is produced (synthesized), its target organ, and the response at the target organ - answerSynthesized in the hypothalamus. The target organ is uterine smooth muscle and the mammary glands. The response is to stimulate contractions. Describe where ADH is produced (synthesized), its target organ, and the response at the target organ - answerSynthesized in the hypothalamus. The target organ is the kidneys. The response is to stimulate water reabsorption. Describe where ALDOSTERONE is produced (synthesized), its target organ, and the response at the target organ - answerSynthesized in the adrenal cortex. The target organ is the kidneys to stimulate the release of renin. Describe where ANP (Atrial Natriuretic Peptide) is produced (synthesized), its target organ, and the response at the target organ - answerProduced in the atria. The target organ is the kidney's to stimulate vasodilation of the afferent arteriole of glomerulus. Describe where PROLACTIN is produced (synthesized), its target organ, and the response at the target organ - answerSynthesized in the anterior pituitary. Target organ is the mammary gland to stimulate the production of milk. Describe where GROWTH HORMONE is produced (synthesized), its target organ, and the response at the target organ - answerSynthesized in the anterior pituitary. Target organ is all tissues to stimulate growth and metabolism. Describe where THYROTROPIN RELEASING HORMONE is produced (synthesized), its target organ, and the response at the target organ - answerProduced in the hypothalamus. Target organ is the thyroid gland and induces it to make T4 and T3. Describe where INSULIN is produced (synthesized), its target organ, and the response at the target organ - answerProduced by the pancreas. Target organs are the liver, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. Describe where GLUCAGON is produced (synthesized), its target organ, and the response at the target organ - answerProduced by alpha cells in the pancreas. The liver is the target organ and it triggers the liver to convert stored glucose into a usable form. The three formed elements of blood - answererythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets Where are the formed elements produced and what is that process called? - answerProduced in the red bone marrow. Called erythropoiesis, leukopoiesis and thrombopoiesis. Lifespan of an erythrocyte - answer120 days Where are erythrocytes degraded, what waste product is formed, and how is it eliminated? - answerThey are phagocytized in the spleen and liver. Converted to bilirubin and eliminated in feces and urine. What is the primary constituent of RBCs? - answerHemoglobin and it enables the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide. 5 types of leukocytes - answerneutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils Which leukocyte blood level increases when a person has a bacterial infection? - answerNeutrophil What is hemostasis? - answerstoppage of bleeding Which vitamin is necessary for the pr