Cardiovascular System NCLEX Practice Questions with Verified Solutions

Cardiovascular System NCLEX Practice Questions with Verified Solutions A client has been diagnosed with pericarditis. Which layers of the heart are affected with this illness? a. Between the pericardium and the mediastinum b. Between the pericardium and the myocardium c. Between the myocardium and the mediastinum d. Between the myocardium and the endocardium b. Between the pericardium and the myocardium The nurse is listening to a client's heartbeat and is focusing on the second heart sound. Which heart valves produce this sound? a. Aortic and tricuspid b. Aortic and pulmonic c. Mitral and pulmonic d. Mitral and tricuspid b. Aortic and pulmonic The nurse hears a heart sound right before S1 on a 72-year-old male client. What can this finding suggest to the nurse? a. Nothing. This is normal. b. This is an atrial kick and helps the heart beat better. c. This is an atrial gallop and can mean something is wrong. d. This is a ventricular gallop and is heard in healthy people. c. This is an atrial gallop and can mean something is wrong. An S4 heard before S1 is termed an atrial gallop and may be associated with pathologic conditions such as myocardial infarction or heart failure. The nurse hears a heart murmur on a client and wants to grade this soft but very audible sound. How should this heart murmur be described? a. Grade 3 b. Grade 2 c. Grade 4 d. Grade 1 b. Grade 2 A client has been diagnosed with a myocardial infarction that has damaged a part of the right atrium. Which of the following could happen as a result of this damage? a. Increase in collateral circulation b. Nothing c. A change in the rate and rhythm of the client's heartbeat d. Onset of aortic regurgitation c. A change in the rate and rhythm of the client's heartbeat A nurse, explaining the cardiac circulation to cardiac rehabilitation clients, wants to include the oxygenation of the heart muscle. Which of the following structures carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs? a. Right main coronary vein b. Pulmonary vein c. Pulmonary artery d. Great cardiac vein c. Pulmonary artery The nurse notes a client's PR interval upon ECG is greater than 0.20 seconds. What can this information suggest to the nurse?