Cardiovascular Unit - Bridge to NCLEX Test 2 Latest Version Graded A+

Cardiovascular Unit - Bridge to NCLEX Test 2 Latest Version Graded A+ A patient with a tricuspid valve disorder has impaired blood flow between the... A - vena cava and right atrium B - left atrium and left ventricle C - right atrium and right ventricle D - Right ventricle and pulmonary artery C - right atrium and right ventricle Rationale: The tricuspid valve is found between the right atrium and right ventricle. A patient with a severe blockage in his right coronary artery. Which heart structures are most likely to be affected by this blockage? (SATA) A - AV node B - left ventricle C - coronary sinus D - right ventricle E - Pulmonic valve A, B, D - Av node, Left ventricle, and Right ventricle Rationale: The right coronary artery (RCA) supplies blood to the right atrium, the right ventricle, and part of the posterior wall of the left ventricle. In 90% of people, the RCA supplies blood to the atrioventricular (AV) node, bundle of His, and part of the cardiac conduction system. The part of the vascular system responsible for homeostasis is the... A -Thin capillary vessels B - endothelial layer of the arteries C - elastic middle layer of the veins D - smooth muscle of the arterial wall B - endothelial layer of the arteries Rationale: The innermost lining of the arteries is the endothelium. The endothelium maintains hemostasis, promotes blood flow, and under normal conditions, inhibits blood coagulation. When a person's blood pressure rises, the homeostatic mechanisms that compensates for the elevation involves stimulation of... A - baroreceptors that inhibit the sympathetic nervous system causing vasodilation. B - chemo receptors that inhibit the sympathetic nervous system causing vasodilation C - baroreceptors that inhibit the parasympathetic nervous system causing vasodilation D - Chemoreceptors that stimulate the sympathetic nervous system causing an increased heart rate A - baroreceptors that inhibit the sympathetic nervous system causing vasodilation Rationale: Baroreceptors in the aortic arch and carotid sinus are sensitive to stretch or pressure within the arterial system. Stimulation of these receptors sends information to the vasomotor center in the brainstem. This results in temporary inhibition of the sympathetic nervous system and enhancement of the parasympathetic influence, which cause a decrease in heart rate and peripheral vasodilation. The P waves on an ECG represents an impulse arising at the... A - SA node and repolarizing the atria B - SA node and depolarizing the atria C - AV node and depolarizing the atria D - AV node and spreading to the bundle of his B - SA node and depolarizing the atria Rationale: The first wave, P, begins with the firing of the sinoatrial (SA) node. It represents depolarization of the fibers of the atria. Which subjective data related to the cardiovascular system should be obtained from the patient? (SATA) A - annual income B - smoking hx C - religious preference D - number of pillows used at sleep E - blood for basic lab studies B. C. D. Rationale: The health history should include assessment of tobacco use. Ask the patient about any cultural or religious beliefs that may influence the management of the cardiovascular problem. Patients with heart failure may need to sleep with the head elevated on pillows or sleep in a chair. Which heart valve sound is best heard at the left midclavicular line at the level of the fifth ICS? A - aortic B - Mitral C - tricuspid D - Pulmonic B - mitral Rationale: Assess the mitral valve by auscultating at the left midclavicular line at the fifth intercostal space (ICS).