NREMT Paramedic KEY Questions and CORRECT Answers

What is Transposition of the Great Arteries (TGA) - Systemic and Pulmonary circulations are parallel rather than in a series What is Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return (TAPVR) - Congenital heart defect in which 4 pulmonary veins that carry 02 rich blood back to the heart from the heart from the lungs are not properly attached to the atrium What causes Respiratory Alkalosis - Hyperventilation, anxiety, Pulmonary Embolism, fear, mechanical ventilation What are symptoms of Respiratory Alkalosis - Deep rapid ventilation, hypokalemia, nausea and vomit, tachycardia, lethargy/confusion, numbness and tingling, low or normal BP, light headed-ness, raised PH level, Lowered PC02 What causes Respiratory Acidosis - Hypoventilation, overdose on sedatives, aspiration, atelectasis, pneumothorax, emphesema What are symptoms of Respiratory Acidosis - muscle weakness, unconsciousness, headache, drowsiness, palpitations, dizziness, ventricular fibrillation What causes Metabolic Alkalosis - severe vomiting, excessive suctioning, diuretic use, excessive NaHC03 What are symptoms of Metabolic Alkalosis - restless/lethargy, confusion (lowered level of conscious, dizzy, irritable), tachy dysrhythmias, nausea, vomit and diarrhea, tremors, muscle cramps, hypokalemia What causes Metabolic Acidosis - Increases (H) acid production, DKA, hypermetabolism, lowered H elimination (renal failure), lowered HC03 production (dehydration, liver failure), raised HC03 elimination (diarrhea) What are symptoms of Metabolic Acidosis - headache, muscle twitch, lowered BP, vasodilation (warm, flushed skin), hyperkalemia, nausea/vomit, decreased muscle tone, kussmaul respirations, lowered reflexes Official Name - followed by the initials USP or NF, most cases official name is the same as the generic name What is Pharmacokinetics - the study of how the body handles a drug over a period of time What is Pharmacodynamic - the study of how drugs act on a living organism Cholinergic Drug - Parasympathomimetic Cholinergic Blocking Drug - Parasympatholytic Adrenic Drug - Sympathomimetic Adrenergic Blocking Drugs - Sympatholytic Parasympathomimetic - mimic the actions of the parasympathetic nervous system Parasympatholytic - block the actions of the parasympathetic nervous system Sympathomimetic - mimics the actions of the sympathetic nervous system Sympatholytic - blocks the actions of the sympathetic nervous system What are the signs/symptoms of Ruptured Ovarian Cyst - localized, one-sided lower abdominal pain. Onset of pain associated with minimal abdominal trauma, sex or exercise vaginal bleed or late/missed period at time of rupture What are the signs/symptoms of Ovarian Torsion - sudden onset of lower abdomen pain (usually right sided), may radiated to back, pelvis or thigh begins with exercise, sharp/stab pain with nausea or vomit Cystitis - (frequent urge to urinate, with little urine) painful urination, fever, chills, lower abdominal pain, foul smell/blood Endometritis - inflammation of the uterine lining, usually after child birth, or abortion (retained placental tissue) fever purulent vaginal discharge, lower abdominal pain Endometriosis - growth of endomitrial tissue outside of the uterus painful particularly dysmenorrhea painful defecation suprapubic soreness vaginal spotting of blood before period Position Paper on Trauma Center Designation - US Department of Health and Human Services 1980 Newton's Second Law of Motion - Force= mass x acceleration or deceleration Battle's Sign - bruising over the mastoid process resulting from fracture to the temporal bone Raccoon's Eyes - black eyes caused from fracture to the base of the sphenoid sinus