COM-312 Test 2 Questions With Correct Answers

Emotions - Answer modes of functioning, shaped by natural selection, that coordinate physiological, cognitive, motivational, behavioral, and subjective responses in patterns that increase the ability to meet the adaptive challenges of situations that have recurred over evolutionary time An emotion is both - Answer an experience that we feel and who we are at that moment in time (fits with relational and identity goals) facts - Answer feelings function as emotions affect - Answer your body, thinking, and behavior Misconceptions of Emotion in Conflict - Answer ∙ Emotions are either real or unreal. ∙ Emotions can't be controlled and will escalate if expressed or released. ∙ One should ignore emotions to resolve conflict well. ∙ Emotions hinder good decision making. ∙ Emotions are for the powerless (women, children, and marginalized people). ∙ Emotions are not to be expressed at work. ∙ Mature, well-developed people should be beyond emotions. ∙ I can express emotions if I can justify my feelings logically. ∙ Emotions should be saved for "later." ∙ People will avoid me if I express emotions (except "nice" feelings). ∙ Other people should not burden me with their emotions. ∙ If other people express emotions, I have a responsibility to do something about them. ∙ If I express anger, it means I don't love or respect the object of my anger. If others express anger it means they don't respect me. how does emotion function in conflict? - Answer 1. Conflict depends upon enough emotional arousal to "get the job done." 2. Emotional events trigger familiar patterns of responses. 3. Intensity of emotion varies through the conflict process. 4. Individual personalities are built upon the blocks of emotion-behavior patterns. 5. we experience emotions as good or bad, we evaluate them and don't sit back and experience them. 6. We become emotional because something is at stake for us 7. Maturity mediates strong emotion. Older adults may feel that less is at stake in conflict, since they report fewer conflicts than do young adults. 8. Relationships are defined by the kind of emotion expressed. hard emotions - Answer lead to blame, criticism, threats, break connections soft emotions - Answer lead to openings for transformation and healing Core Concerns Framework checklist - Answer 1. Appreciation (recognition of value). (No one wants to search for an integrative solution when being demeaned and dismissed). ∙ Autonomy (freedom to feel, think, take action, or decide). (Coercion guarantees lack of cooperation.) ∙ Affiliation (emotional connection to others). ∙ Status (standing compared to others). Status also designates the relational concerns of a conflict—who we are to each other. ∙ Role (effectiveness and meaningfulness of job label, designation of the person, and recognition) Stable connections generate - Answer positive emotions Rejection, the flip side of affiliation, generates - Answer acute pain in the part of the brain that processes physical pain. anger - Answer a strong feeling of displeasure, a reaction to a perceived threat to person, belongings, or identity that can range in intensity from mild irritation to frustration and rage "anger is the feeling connected to a perceived unfairness or injustice" venting - Answer (unrestrained expression of anger) does not discharge the emotion or reduce the feelings the idea that "anger is cathartic" is accurate - Answer this is false, it makes you stew in your anger and complain to others about it how to deal with your own anger constructively - Answer 1. Use your anger to restore your sense of justice and control over an intolerable situation (You can address a situation without making it worse or causing emotional injury.) 2. Seek information rather than immediately acting on anger. 3. Direct your anger at the right person (avoid venting to anyone who will listen) 4. Reflect, calm down, and think before you express your anger. 5. Use all your best communication skills 6. Be courageous. (don't use sarcasm, snide comments, passive aggression, avoidance, and hiding behind e-mail or other electronic communication) 7. Develop a keen awareness of how people react to you nonverbally Fear - Answer ppl view this as actively unpleasant during an argument. leads to avoidance. sometimes disables the physical and emotional systems as we "freeze," not able to mobilize ourselves to do anything for a while. We may dissociate, or withdraw from the situation. anxiety - Answer ppl view this as actively unpleasant during an argument. can cause people to not be able to get to the root of the problem and be scared to talk about it. Anger-Fear Sequence - Answer Perceived threat -- Fear -- Anger vulnerability - Answer being open to the influence of others at the same time that we are open to our need for others Hurt - Answer an intense emotion that comes from feeling psychologically injured by another person The purpose of constructive conflict resolution is to - Answer solve problems and preserve relationships Hurt is a difficult emotion to experience without - Answer looking for someone to blame. humiliation - Answer (deepest/most complex emotion) involves putting someone down, holding them down, while rendering them helpless to resist the debasement depression - Answer Unrelieved sadness that can create anger or resentment over a long time, elevated feelings of anger, along with sadness and anxiety (Extreme sadness causes an almost total loss of pleasure and interest in one's surroundings, and leads to dejection and withdrawal.) when to seek help for depression - Answer you experience overwhelming sadness, a flat feeling, or an inability to motivate yourself to do the things that will help yourself (exercise; seeking positive activities; socializing with friends; reflecting on your automatic, negative thoughts) is sadness always a negative emotion? - Answer no positive aspects of sadness - Answer 1. strengthen social bonds between friends, family, and community 2. slows a person down, which gives a chance for deeper reflection on what is happening 3. gives the person more choices to take care of oneself and others 4. creates empathy 5. can help people find better solutions to problems can sadness communicate a problem? - Answer yes! gender differences in the expression of sadness - Answer Women are more likely to express sadness and cover up their anger men are more likely to express anger and cover up sadness sad ppl attempt to change their situation by - Answer 1. cognitive reappraisal ("I don't think he meant to hurt me in the way he did; he was busy and distracted") 2. by apologizing or listening to music or doing other activities to change their mood. 3. Women have been found to be more skillful at emotion regulation in general Shame and guilt play - Answer an important role in regulating conflict When you act in a way that is [ ] with your own standards, your ideal self, or your own sociocultural values, you may feel these uncomfortable emotions - Answer incompatible does shame increase or decrease social cohesion? - Answer increase Real guilt comes from - Answer real actions or lack of actions Painful regret can push one to action rather than - Answer leave you mired in a sense of sorrow, self-pity, or helplessness how can regret help a relationship? - Answer we atone for mistakes and when we learn from the past situation how to manage our lives differently in the future When people feel safe, they are able to - Answer grasp the opportunities of conflict instead of remaining paralyzed by the danger of conflict. When you approach a problem with [ ] you communicate these feelings to others involved, and they, too, are motivated to work with you - Answer interest and a positive attitude positive emotions lead to - Answer empathy and sympathy Conflicts that are worked out in the mid-range of the level of emotional intensity resolve - Answer more effectively than those that are left unexpressed or are handled with unrestrained emotion. awareness - Answer knowledge or perception of a situation or fact mindfulness - Answer 1. be aware 2. be compassionate 3. look @ communication patterns 4. be aware of triggering events responsible expression of anger - Answer 1. Verbally state the anger. 2. Distinguish between venting and acknowledging anger 3. Agree that you will never attack each other in a state of anger 4. Work to find the stimulus for the anger. It won't go away just because it is expressed The X-Y-Z formula (how to communicate anger) - Answer When you do X In situation Y I feel Z You can't "argue" or "reason" someone out of any feeling. T or F? - Answer true Verbal abuse leads to - Answer escalation or withdrawal, hinders conflict resolution, and lowers the dignity and self-esteem of all parties.