APUSH Unit 6 Key Terms 1 with accurate definitions 2024 latest update

The gilded age Mark Twain's term for the post-civil war era that was critical of the commonplace corruption. Credit mobilier scandal Union Pacific Railroad insiders formed a construction company and then hired themselves at inflated prices to build the railroad line, earning high dividends. When it was found out that government officials were paid stay quiet about the illicit business, some officials were censured. Tammany hall/Boss Tweed NYC's powerful democratic political machine in 1868. Between 1868 and 1869 he led the Tweed Reign, a group of corrupt politicians in defrauding the city. Example: Responsible for the construction of the NY court house; actual construction cost $3million. Project cost tax payers $13million. Thomas Nast A famous caricaturist and editorial cartoonist in the 19th century and is considered to be the father of American political cartooning. His artwork was primarily based on political corruption. He helped people realize the corruption of some politicians Fisk and Gould Scandal almost successful cornering of the gold market in 1859 Crime of '73 silver dollars were no longer minted Resumption Act of 1875 the government was to withdraw greenbacks (paper money) from circulation Compromise of 1877 Ended Reconstruction and removed soldiers from the south Jim Crow Laws The "separate but equal" segregation laws state and local laws enacted in the Southern and border states of the United States and enforced between 1876 and 1965 Pendleton Act began a transfer of federal jobs from the patronage to the merit system Plessy v. Ferguson sumpreme court ruled that segregation public places facilities were legal as long as the facilites were equal McKinley Tariff 1890 high Tariff passed by the "billion dollar" congress, backfired on the GOP Wilson-Gorman Tariff meant to be a reform Tariff, was passed without Cleveland's signature Populist party/Omaha platform organization popular with farmers Pullman strike A 1894 strike involving railroad workers upset by drastic wage cuts Pooling informal agreements between groups of people or leaders of a company to keep their prices high and to keep competition low Wabash Case 1886 Supreme Court case that decreed that individual states had no power to regulate interstate commerce Interstate Commerce Act Congressional legislation that established the Interstate Commerce Commission, compelled railroads to publish standard rates, and prohibited rebates and pools Sherman Anti-trust Act First federal action against monopolies, it was signed into law by Harrison and was extensively used by Theodore Roosevelt for trust-busting. However, it was initially misused against labor unions Laissez-faire capitalism No government intervention on behalf of businesses->allowed companies to make more money. There were no product laws or quality control. Social darwinism a belief held by many that stated that the rich were rich and the poor were poor due to natural selection in society Gospel of wealth a book written by Carnegie that described the responsibility of the rich to be philanthropists Standard oil company John D. Rockefeller's company, formed in 1870, which came to symbolize the trusts and monopolies of the Gilded Age Carnegie homestead plant Andrew Carnegie's vertical integration of the steel industry U.S. Steel Americas first billion dollar company, created by J.P Morgan