Brain Exam #1 exam The Definitive Document: Positively Evaluated and Expert-Endorsed 2024

Define neuroscience the study of the brain and how it functions Localization of functioning Brainpower Read More Previous Play Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0:03 / 0:15 Full screen Equipotentiality theory Lashley's integrated theory what is neuropsychology study between behavior and the brain 4 zones of the neuron input zone, integration zone, conduction zone, output zone 3 parts of the cell soma, axons, dendrites soma cell body axon transmits information dendrites collects info from other cells 4 types of glial cells astrocytes, oligodendrocyte, schwann cells, microglia astrocytes star-shaped, siphons out waste from neurons and dumps it into blood vessels oligodendrocyte 50 axons per 1 cell, makes myelin microglia engulfs dead tissue and neurons, immune defense schwann cells 1 axon per cell, cells wrap itseld and axon in myelin Who is Sherrington won Nobel Prize for the concept of the Synapse Ramon y Cajal and Golgi developing visualizations of neurons Central nervous system brain and the spinal cord Peripheral nervous system made up of nerves and branches into 2 different subtypes: autonomic and somatic Autonomic nervous system involuntary movements, bodily organ functions; including sympathetic and parasympathetic Sympathetic nervous system fight or flight response, heart rate increases Parasympathetic nervous system rest and digest, conserves energu Somatic nervous system controls skeletal muscles, voluntary movements 6 cranial nerves olfactory, optic nerve, trigeminal, facial, auditory nerve, vagus Olfactory nerve sense of smell optic nerve vision trigeminal touch and pain on the face auditory nerve balance and hearing vagus internal organs 4 areas of spinal cord cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral Cervical area neck Thoracic area upper back Lumbar lower back Sacral tailbone Dorsal top of the head Ventral bottom of the head Anterior (rostral) towards the front Posterior (caudal) towards the back Lateral towards the sides Medial towards the middle Ipsilateral same side Contralateral opposite side Example of contralateral nerves from right arm project to the left hemisphere Midsagittal hotdog bun style Horizontal hamburger bun style Coronal life a loaf of bread, cutting it near the spinal cord White matter in brain connections between cells, myelin Gray matter in brain cell bodies Frontal lobe primary motor cortex, motor control, personality, higher thoughts Parietal lobe touch, somatosensory cortex Temporal lobe hearing and memory