Microbiology Chapter Exam 1 Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Updated

Microbiology Chapter Exam 1 Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Updated How is osmosis different from simple diffusion? - answerWater movement is driven by the concentration of solutes rather than its own concentration. Nonspecific permeases - answerallow a variety of molecules to cross the cytoplasm membrane What will happen to a cell that is placed in a solution containing a high concentration of sugar, a molecule that cannot pass across the cell membrane? - answerthe cell will lose its interior water, causing it to shrivel up and possibly die How is simple diffusion different from other types of passive transport? - answerSimple diffusion does not require a permease Why is no energy required in passive transport? - answerThe concentration gradient drives the movement Once equilibrium is reached, - answermolecules move, but there is no net movement in a particular direction Which of the following would not move freely across the cytoplasmic membrane? - answerpositively charged hydrogen ions What makes phospholipid membranes good at keeping some molecules out and allowing others to freely pass? - answerThey have both hydrophilic ad hydrophobic regions Integral proteins are mostly involved in - answertransport function How does water enter and exit a cell? - answerBy simple diffusion or by use of an integral transport protein A glycoprotein - answeris a type of peripheral protein above that can be used as a receptor or in enzymatic functions Molecules would be blocked by a cell membrane - answerions Hydrophobic molecules would enter a cell - answerthrough integral transport proteins What is a hallmark of passive transport across a cell membrane? - answerIt occurs along an electrochemical gradient, and may involve the use of transport proteins A positively charged sodium ion - answerwould require the use of integral protein channels to pass through a cell membrane Active Transport - answer-requires ATP -requires the use of transport proteins Active transport type that employs diffusion - answersymport What type of transport uses two transport proteins? - answerSymport Sodium and potassium ions need to be pumped simultaneously against their concentration gradients. Which one of the transport proteins would be most effective at this? - answerAntiport Why are ATPases associated w/active transport proteins? - answerThey provide transport proteins w/the energy needed to pump molecules against their concentration gradients Efflux pumps can be used to pump antibiotics out of a cell once they enter to protect the cell. This will be done against the concentration gradient of the antibiotic. Which of the active transports would most likely be used? - answerUniport b/c a uniport would pump the antibiotic out w/out needing to bring additional molecules into the cell, and would not allow the antibiotic to diffuse back in Why is a ATP necessary for active transport? - answerATP provides energy to transfer material against its concentration gradient Which type of active transport protein moves two molecules into the cell at the same time? - answerSymport Which transport protein employs transporters that move molecules only in one direction? - answeruniport and symport Which type of active transport protein uses one protein to pump two different molecules? - answerAntiport and Symport Where is the genetic information of the cell stored? - answernucleus The structural framework in a cell is the - answercytoskeleton Where in a cell is ATP made? - answerMitochondri