Portage Microbiology BIOD171 Exam 5 Questions and Answers 2024

Portage Microbiology BIOD171 Exam 5 Questions and Answers 2024 Define the concept of universal precautions. -Answer-Universal precautions means any and all samples, whether known or unknown, are to be treated as potentially hazardous (or pathogenic) materials. List at least 3 observations a researcher would be sure to note while assessing an unknown microbial sample. -Answer-A lab researcher would be certain to note: Size and shape Any observable motility Gram status (positive or negative) The presence of any chemical reactions Changes in color localized to the organism or the surrounding media Capture (or draw) images of any of the characteristics described above While observing an unknown sample of limited amounts, a researcher must determine the following observations: (1) the presence of any motility and (2) its Gram status using the same sample—the liquid sample cannot be divided. Which would you determine first and why? -Answer-You must determine motility before determining the Gram status. Motility requires a wet mount, while Gram staining requires heat fixing the sample. If one were to begin with the Gram stain the heat fixation process would kill the organism, making any observations regarding motility impossible. The correct approach would be to place the liquid culture on a glass slide and determine its motility status. Next, the same liquid culture can be heat fixed and Gram stained. A facultative anaerobe is a microorganism capable of growth under what conditions? - Answer-A facultative anaerobe is capable of growth under aerobic (with oxygen) and anaerobic (without oxygen) conditions. As Streptococcus is catalase negative would it thrive or die in the presence of peroxides? Why? -Answer-Streptococcus is catalse negative which means it cannot break down peroxides and if any peroxides are present it would die. Streptococcus is most often streaked onto: -Answer-Blood agar Strep is often cultured on Blood agar plates to determine its hemolytic properties, which aids in the classification (and differentiation) process. True or False. The Lancefield groups are used to subdivide antigenic groups of gamma- hemolytic Streptococcus. -Answer-False The Lancefield groupings are used to subdivide beta-hemolytic Strep. The distinctions for Lancefield subgroupings lie in its: (select all that apply) Catalase activity Hemolytic activity Carbohydrate composition of antigens All of the above -Answer-Carbohydrate composition of antigens Carbohydrate composition of antigens present in the cell wall determines the Lancefield groupings (A, B, C, etc). Note, ALL strep under Lancefield groupings are (by definition) catalase negative and beta-hemolytic. Thus, answers A and C cannot be used to subdivide streptococcal species. Left untreated, strep throat can progress to ______ , which displays _____ hemolytic activity. -Answer-Rheumatic fever; beta True or False. Under most circumstances, staphylococcus can be found in ~30% of human population where it remains pathogenic. -Answer-false; While staphylococcus can be found in ~30% of the human population, it remains non-symptomatic. When a bacterium neither harms nor benefits from the host from which it obtains nutrients, it is referred to as being ___________. -Answer-Commensal Attachment -Answer-pathogen finds a specific target tissue and adhere