Biology 1406: Lab Final Review Questions with Verified Solutions

Biology 1406: Lab Final Review Questions with Verified Solutions Autotrophs include what? Plants The raw materials used for Photosynthesis include what? CO2 and H2O Products and by-products of photosynthesis do NOT include what? CO2 (includes O2, C6H12O6, and H2O) A thin layer of chromatogram is useful for what? Separating pigments based on their physical characteristics What pigments would you find in a typical leaf? Chlorophyll A, Chlorophyll B, and carotenoids Most plants store carbohydrates in the form of... Starch Organisms capable of producing their own food are known as what? Autotrophs Grana are... The site of ATP production within chloroplasts The ultimate source of energy trapped during photosynthesis is... Sunlight When carbon dioxide is absorbed into water, the solution becomes more... Acidic The energy releasing process that occurs in most organisms when oxygen is present is what? Aerobic respiration The "universal energy currency" of the cell is... ATP Products of aerobic respiration include... Carbon dioxide "Efficiency" of respiration pathways refers to the... Amount of ATP energy produced relative to the energy content of the carbohydrate entering the pathway Phenol red is used to visualize what? CO2 production from aerobic respiration Tetrazolium chloride is used by the seed industry to indicate what? If seeds are undergoing aerobic respiration and to see if seeds are alive What is a direct source of energy for muscle contractions? ATP Brothymol blue (BTB) is _____- colored below pH 6.0 and _____ - colored above pH 7.6. Yellow; Blue Yeast cells undergoing alcohol fermentation produce what? Ethanol Alcohol fermentation is the basis for what? Bread baking, beer brewing, and ethanol fuel production. Reproduction is prokaryotes occurs primarily through the process known as... Fission The genetic material (DNA) of eukaryotes is organized into what? Chromosomes The process of cytoplasmic division is known as what? Cytokinesis The product of chromosome duplication is... Two chromatids The correct sequence of stages in mitosis is... Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase During prophase, duplicated chromosomes consist of what? Chromatids, centromeres, and nucleoproteins During the S period of interphase, what has occurred? Synthesis or replication of the nucleoproteins take place Chromatids desperate during what phase of mitosis? Anaphase Cell plate formation... Occurs in plant cells but not in animal cells, usually begins during telophase, and is a result of fusion of Golgi vesicles Centrioles and a starburst cluster of spindle fibers would be found in what kind of cells? Animal cells only In mitosis the number of chromosomes ____ while in mitosis it _____. Is halved/remains the same The term "2n" means... A diploid chromosome number is present and chromosomes within a single nucleus exist in homologous pairs. In higher animals including humans meiosis results in