NURS MISC Exam 2 1 COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Latest 2024 |100% Accuracy

1. A patient with mild renal disease has been put on a 2200-calorie per day diet plan with the lowest recommended amount of protein. During discharge teaching, the nurse explains to this patient how to use nutrition labels to determine the amount of protein in the product. The nurse explains, however, that the label is based on 2000 calories. Which is the appropriate formula to teach this patient the least amount of protein he can eat on his prescribed diet? a. 2200 calories 0.15 = 330/9 calories/gram = 36.6 g b. 2200 calories 0.10 = 220/4 calories/gram = 55 g c. 2200 calories 0.20 = 440/9 calories/gram = 48.8 g d. 2200 calories 0.12 = 264/4 calories/gram = 66 g ANS: D Proteins should account for 12% to 20% of total calories. Each gram of protein yields 4 calories. Twelve percent is the least recommended percentage for proteins, rather than 10%. Implementation Hydration 2. A patient is put on an 1800-calorie a day diet plan. During discharge teaching, the nurse explains to this patient how to use nutrition labels to determine the amount of carbohydrates in the product. The nurse explainsU, hoSweNver,Tthat theOlabel is based on 2000 calories. Which is the appropriate formula to teach this patient of the maximum grams of carbohydrates she can eat on her prescribed diet? a. 1800 calories 0.45 = 810/4 calories/gram = 202.5 g b. 1800 calories 0.60 = 1080/4 calories/gram = 270 g c. 1800 calories 0.55 = 990/9 calories/gram = 110 g d. ANS: B 1800 calories 0.50 = 900/9 calories/gram = 100 g Carbohydrates should account for 55% to 60% of total calories. Carbohydrates should account for a maximum of 60% of total calories rather than 45%. Each gram of carbohydrates yields 4 calories rather than 9. Carbohydrates should account for a maximum of 60% of total calories, rather than 50%. Implementation Hydration 3. A patient tells the nurse that she tries to keep her fat intake at less than 15% of her total caloric intake per day. What is the nurse’s most appropriate response to this patient’s comment? a. “That is admirable; how do you accomplish fat intake that low on a daily basis?” b. “Eating fat is essential for good health, and you should consume about 40% of your fats as monounsaturated fat.” c. “Limiting fat prevents some diseases, but your fat intake is much lower than the 25% recommended.” d. “If you want to bring your fat intake down further, you might want to eliminate eating fast foods.” ANS: C The recommended amount of fat is 25% to 30% of total calories. The patient’s fat intake is too low. Implementation 4. A patient who keeps his fat consumption at 10% of his total caloric intake is at risk for deficiency of which nutrient(s)? a. Iron b. Vitamins A, D, and K c. Zinc d. B and C vitamins