Acute Renal Failure (ARF) Exam With questions and 100% Correct Answers

Acute Renal Failure (ARF) Exam With questions and 100% Corr ect Answers What is Acute Renal Failure - ✔✔ Abrupt decrease in renal function resulting in retent ion of Nitrogenous waste. ARF is the result of what - ✔✔ Decreased renal blood flow, intrinsic renal parenchymal diseases, or obstruction of urine flow Most common intrinsic cause of Acute Renal Failure - ✔✔ Acute Tubular Necrosis What percent of Patients have ARF on hospital admission - ✔✔ 1% What percent of patients develop ARF during hospitalization - ✔✔ 2-5% In hospitalized patients what is the most c ommon cause of ARF? - ✔✔ Prerenal azotemia 30 -60% In hospitalized patients what percent of ARF patients are due to POSTrenal azotemia - ✔✔ 1-10% What is the most common predisposing factor of Acute tubular necrosis - ✔✔ Prerenal Azotemia *remember ATN is th e most common intrinsic cause of ARF What percent of Acute tubular necrosis pts result from Post trauma or postoperative? - ✔✔ 40-60% Prerenal azotemia is defined as what - ✔✔ Reduction in glomerular perfusion secondary to decreased volume or situations wi th decreased circulation. Are kidney's in prerenal azotemia wet or dry - ✔✔ Dry! there is something affecting blood flow to them Causes of prerenal azotemia - ✔✔ CHF Advance Cirrhosis and Septic states What is the BUN and Serum Creatinine ratio in prerena l azotemia - ✔✔ HIGH - Greater than 20 with low urine output Acute Tubular necrosis (ATN) is the result of what - ✔✔ Decreased blood flow with ischemia. Occurs as a result of prerenal azotemia if it goes undiagnosed. What is the clinical presentation of Acu te Kidney Failure in the hospitalized PT - ✔✔ Decreased urine output, dark colored urine, cola -colored urine and symptoms suggestive of uremia. What are the symptoms of Uremia - ✔✔ Fatigue, weakness, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, metallic taste in mouth, itching, confusion, fluid retention, and hypertension. What are 4 things to look for when diagnosing AKF - ✔✔ 1. reduced weight 2. postural blood pressure and pulse changes 3. decreased JVD 4. bladder distension is the BUN/Creatinine ratio in Prerenal azotemia increased or decreased - ✔✔ INCREASED >20/1 Other causes of elevated BUN/Creatinine ratio - ✔✔ GI bleeding, systemic steroids, cataboli sm caused by medical problems, or a high protein diet. What does a high level of creatinine that exceeds the elevation of BUN suggest - ✔✔ Rhabdomyloysis Should you do a contrast study in a PT with Prerenal azotemia - ✔✔ NOPE