Psychology 101 Quiz 1 Questions And Answers 2024/2025

Psychology 101 Quiz 1 Questions And Answers 2024/2025 According to this school of thought, the whole of personal experience is different than the sum of its parts. a. structuralism b. behaviorism c. functionalism d. Gestalt theory - answerd. Gestalt theory Are researchers allowed to deceive participants in their studies? a. No, because an institutional review board would never approve of such methods in a proper study. b. No, deception of research participants is unethical according to the American Psychological Association's Code of Ethics. c. Yes, but the participants must be paid for their time and effort in a study where deception was used. d. Yes, but when the study is over the researcher has to reveal the study's real goals and explain why the deception was necessary. - answerd. Yes, but when the study is over the researcher has to reveal the study's real goals and explain why the deception was necessary. Beliefs, values, norms, rules, and customs that people learn from those who share a language or environment comprise. a. religion. b. society. c. ethics. d. culture. - answerd. culture. Charles Darwin and William James both understood the importance of a. environmental stimuli on behavior. b. the adaptive purpose of specific traits and characteristics. c. childhood and parenting on future behavior. d. the connection between physical and psychological problems. - answerb. the adaptive purpose of specific traits and characteristics. Dr. Grodner is conducting an experiment on age-related changes in memory. He is comparing how well retirees and high school students perform on a memory task. In order to conveniently schedule research participants, he has the older adults come to the lab during the day, since they are retired. The students come to the lab in the evening, after they are finished with school and other activities. What is the problematic confound in this study? a. It is unfair to compare older adults to younger adults, because older adults sometimes experience memory problems. b. Dr. Grodner has not operationally defined memory for the purposes of his study. c. If memory turns out to be something that varies by time of day, it is problematic that the older adults all do the study in the morning and the younger adults do the study at night. d. Older adults have a lot more memories than younger adults, which confound the study. - answerc. If memory turns out to be something that varies by time of day, it is problematic that the older adults all do the study in the morning and the younger adults do the study at night. Dr. Tucker incorporates principles from behaviorism into her therapy practice when she thinks it may be effective in helping her patients. Which of the following is an example of how Dr. Tucker might use her knowledge of behaviorism to help people with psychological problems? a. She uses new drugs that have been developed that operate on the behavior centers of the brain. b. She helps teach behavior modification techniques to patients with anxiety, so they can practice increase desired behaviors. c. She suggests that her patients with memory problems use computer games to practice memory-related tasks. d. She helps trauma victims improve their psychological health by discussing their childhood experiences in detail. - answerb. She helps teach behavior modification techniques to patients with anxiety, so they can practice increase desired behaviors. Dr. Tucker is a developmental psychologist. Which of the following research questions is she LEAST likely to pursue? a. How do brain chemicals influence sexual behavior in young adults? b. How do children learn to speak? c. When do infants learn that objects out of sight still exist? d. Do video games help older adults maintain mental abilities as they age? - answera. How do brain chemicals influence sexual behavior in young adults? In the cycle of the scientific method, statistics help you a. determine whether your theory is supported. b. define a hypothesis. c. determine whether your hypothesis is supported. d. analyze your results after they are published in a research journal. - answerc. determine whether your hypothesis is supported. Leola is reading about the nature/nurture debate in psychology. She will find that most psychologists have reached what conclusion about this debate? a. Neither nature nor nurture have a major influence on psychological development. b. Nature, but not nurture, influences our psychological development. c. Nurture, but not nature, influences our psychological development. d. Both nature and nurture influence our psychological development. - answerd. Both nature and nurture influence our psychological development. Lisha has just finished her graduate work in a specific area of psychology. If her doctorate is in the area where the most doctoral degrees were awarded during the academic year, what kind of program did Lisha just complete? a. counseling psychology b. school/educational psychology c. experimental psychology d. clinical psychology - answerd. clinical psychology Martavis is wondering whether extrasensory perception (ESP) really exists. If he is using the steps of critical thinking, what is the first thing he should ask himself? a. "What evidence is there that ESP actually exists?" b. "What am I being asked to accept or believe about ESP?" c. "What conclusions can I draw about the existence of ESP?" d. "How can I conduct research about the existence of ESP?" - answerb. "What am I being asked to accept or believe about ESP?" Marwan has been shy his whole life, and he is not sure what underlies this trait. Which subfield of psychology might hold some answers for Marwan? a. personality psychology b. cultural psychology c. clinical psychology d. social psychology - answera. personality psychology Natural selection is a. based on the idea that conscious experience can be broken down into underlying thoughts. b. the idea that the observable environment affects behavior in predictable ways. c. the mechanism of evolution. d. how systems of rewards increase desired behaviors. - answerc. the mechanism of evolution. Professor Jacobs conducts a lot of research. He always makes sure that his study records are stored in a locked cabinet inside of a locked office. Only he and his lab manager have both keys. Which ethical issue(s) does he wish to address through these protective measures? a. anonymity b. confidentiality c. risks d. informed consent - answerb. confidentiality Professor Newton is planning a research study with human participants, who will have to wear a head-mounted eye-tracking device during data collection. While the device is not painful or dangerous, it can be a bit uncomfortable, and some participants may get a headache from wearing the device. In order to conduct the study ethically, Professor Newton must ensure that which of the following is favo