Biological Molecules:
Proteins
Proteins are made of monomers called amino acids that form
peptide bonds with adjacent amino acids to produce polypeptide
chains. They are important for cell growth and repair.
Proteins are a key component in:
Enzymes (globular)
Membrane proteins (globular)
Transport proteins (globular)
Hormones (globular)
Antibodies (globular)
Structural proteins (fibrous)
Biological Molecules: Proteins 1
, Amino acids consist of a carboxyl group, an amine group and a
variable R group that determines what type of amino acid it is,
there are 20 types of amino acids common to all living
organisms.
Biological Molecules: Proteins 2
, Globular Proteins Fibrous Proteins
Globular proteins are compact, Fibrous proteins consist of
mostly spherical proteins that long polypeptide chains that
have a tertiary structure. have cross-linking hydrogen
They have polar hydrophilic R bonds, these proteins have
groups facing towards the very little tertiary
outside and non-polar structure.
hydrophobic R groups facing They are insoluble in water
towards the inside making them due to the large number of
soluble in water. hydrophobic R groups.
Globular proteins also have Fibrous proteins are very
specific shapes due to their strong due to them having a
tertiary structure so are highly repetitive sequence of
often used for enzymes and a limited number of amino
hormones. acids.
Examples of globular proteins Examples of fibrous proteins
include: include:
Haemoglobin. Keratin.
Insulin. Elastin.
Collagen.
Actin.
Biological Molecules: Proteins 3
Proteins
Proteins are made of monomers called amino acids that form
peptide bonds with adjacent amino acids to produce polypeptide
chains. They are important for cell growth and repair.
Proteins are a key component in:
Enzymes (globular)
Membrane proteins (globular)
Transport proteins (globular)
Hormones (globular)
Antibodies (globular)
Structural proteins (fibrous)
Biological Molecules: Proteins 1
, Amino acids consist of a carboxyl group, an amine group and a
variable R group that determines what type of amino acid it is,
there are 20 types of amino acids common to all living
organisms.
Biological Molecules: Proteins 2
, Globular Proteins Fibrous Proteins
Globular proteins are compact, Fibrous proteins consist of
mostly spherical proteins that long polypeptide chains that
have a tertiary structure. have cross-linking hydrogen
They have polar hydrophilic R bonds, these proteins have
groups facing towards the very little tertiary
outside and non-polar structure.
hydrophobic R groups facing They are insoluble in water
towards the inside making them due to the large number of
soluble in water. hydrophobic R groups.
Globular proteins also have Fibrous proteins are very
specific shapes due to their strong due to them having a
tertiary structure so are highly repetitive sequence of
often used for enzymes and a limited number of amino
hormones. acids.
Examples of globular proteins Examples of fibrous proteins
include: include:
Haemoglobin. Keratin.
Insulin. Elastin.
Collagen.
Actin.
Biological Molecules: Proteins 3
