Body Structure and Functions 12th edition Chapter 8 Central Nervous System

Alzheimer's disease - progressive disease with degeneration of nerve endings in the cortex of the brain arachnoid mater - weblike middle membrane of meninges associative neuron - carries messages from sensory neuron to motor neuron; also called interneuron autonomic nervous system - collection of nerves, ganglia, and plexuses through which visceral organs, heart, blood vessels, glands, and smooth (involuntary) muscles receive stimulation axons - nerve cell structure that carries impulses away from cell bodies to dendrites blood-brain barrier - choroid plexus capillaries in the brain differ in their selective permeability thus drugs carried in the blood-stream are not able to penetrate the brain tissue brain stem - portion of brain other than cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum brain tumor - a mass or growth or abnormal cells in the brain central nervous system - consists of the structures of the brain and spinal cord cerebellum - structure of the brain behind the pons and below the cerebrum cerebral aqueduct - a narrow canal containing the third and fourth ventricles of the brain cerebral cortex - a layer of gray matter covering the upper and lower surface of the cerebrum cerebral palsy (CP) - a disturbance in voluntary muscle action due to brain damage cerebral ventricles - four lined cavities within the brain filled with cerebrospinal fluid; also called lateral ventricles cerebrospinal fluid - a substance that forms within the four brain ventricles from the blood vessels of the choroid plexus; this serves as a shock absorber to protect the brain and spinal cord