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Samenvatting Glucose homeostasis

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Prof Geert Callewaert

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HF 1: GLUCOSE HOMEOSTASIS
1. Glucose transport

- Dunne darm:
o Apicaal: SGLT1 (sodium glucose transporter)
 Secundair actef transport
o Basolateraal: GLUT2




- Nierepitheelcellen (glucose reabsorpte)
 Geen glucose in urine
o DISTAAL: 2Na+/gluc SGLT
o PROXIMAAL: 1Na/gluc SGLT

 Hyperglycemie:
 Nierreabsorptedrempel
overschreden
o Gluc in urine
 Infecte urinewegen
o Osmose H2O
 Meer plassen
 Dorst

 De pancreas (alvleesklier)
- Endocriene klier:
o Eiwit secrete id darm  verteringsenzymen
- Exocriene klier:
o Eilandjes v Langerhans (2% vd totale cellen pancreas)
 A-cel (15%)  glucagon
 B-cel (70%)  insuline
 (Delta-cel)



 Insuline en glucagon vrijzetting


Gearceerd: normale bloedglucosespiegel (5mm (of 90mg/dl) nuchter)

1. Hoge [glucose]:
- Vrijzetng insuline
- B-cel elektrisch actef (A-cel in rust)
2. Lage [glucose]:
- Vrijzetng glucagon

, - A-cel elektrisch actef (B-cel inactef)

 Insuline secretie door B-cel
pancreas
- Na een maaltjd
o Glucose spiegel hoger
o Insuline vrijzetng hoger




- [Glucose]

- GLUT 1 :
 Afniteit = 5mM
 Neemt altjd glucose op
- GLUT 2:
 Afniteit = 15-20mM
 Actef bij hogere expressie glucose in B-cel
1. [glucose] stjgt
2. GLUT 2 actef
3. Glucose gefosforyleerd tot glucose- 6- fosfaat
4. Glucose door glycolyse omgezet in
pyrodruivenzuur
5. Mitochondrien
 Verbranden
 Oxidateve fosforylate
 pyrodruivenzuur naar ATP
6. ATP/ADP verhouding verandert
7. ATP gevoelig K-kanaal geblokkeerd
 Kir & SUR
 K-conductante daalt
 DEPOLARISATIE tot -40mV
8. L-type Ca2+ kanlen open
9. Ca instroom
10. TRAGE AP
11. Ca2+ infux door Ry receptor
 CICR
12. Ca2+ zorgt voor snare complex (Ca bindt met
synaptotagmine)
13. Vesikels versmelten met membraan
14. INSULINE VRIJZETTING
- [AA]
- Niet alleen glucose zorgt voor insuline vrijzetng
- Eiwitrijke maaltjd (veel AZ + NT + hormonen)
o Depolarisate induceren
o  insulinevrijzetng

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