ATCN 2020 Chapter 3 Shock Exam 2024

ATCN 2020 Chapter 3 Shock Exam 2024 What is the first step in managing shock in trauma patients? -Answer-The first step in managing shock in trauma patients is to recognize it. Define Shock -Answer-An abnormality of the circulatory system that results in inadequate oxygen perfusion and tissue oxygenation. List the second step in managing shock -Answer-Is to identify the probable cause of shock and adjust treatment accordingly. List the four type of shock? -Answer-Cardiogenic Shock Obstructive Shock Neurogenic Shock Septic shock Cardiogenic Shock caused by? -Answer-(Caused by blunt cardiac injury) Suspect blunt cardiac injury when the mechanism of injury to the thorax involves rapid deceleration. List three causes of Cardiogenic shock -Answer-Cardiac Tamponade Is most commonly encountered in patients with penetrating thoracic trauma, it can result from blunt injury to the thorax 1. Tachycardia 2. Muffled heart sounds 3. Dilated / engorged neck veins with hypotension and insufficient response to fluid therapy suggest cardiac tamponade Air Embolism Myocardial Infarction Obstructive Shock - Consider these diagnosis with injuries above the diaphragm - Answer-Tension Pneumothorax - reduces venous return resulting in Obstructive shock I. Acute Respiratory Distress II. Sub - Q emphysema III. Absent Unilateral breath Sounds IV. Hyper resonance to percussion V. Tracheal Shift Cardiac Tamponade - blood in the pericardial sac inhibits cardiac contractility Neurogenic shock - list potential causes -Answer-A. Injury to the cervical or thoracic spinal cord resulting in loss of sympathetic tone and subsequent vasodilation B. Isolated intracranial injuries do not cause shock, unless the brain stem is required C. The classic presentation of neurogenic shock is hypotension without tachycardia or cutaneous vasoconstriction. D. The failure of fluid resuscitation to restore organ perfusion and tissue oxygenation suggests either continuing hemorrhage or neurogenic shock Septic Shock - Define -Answer-Patients with early septic shock can have normal circulation volume, modest tachycardia, warm skin, near normal systolic blood pressure, and wide pulse pressure. In which group of patients, may be the underlying reason or precipitating cause of traumatic injury be be an unrecognized infection, commonly a urinary tract infection. - Answer-In Elderly, the underlying reason or precipitating cause of traumatic injury be be an unrecognized infection, commonly a urinary tract infectio