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GEN-30306 Genetic Analysis Trends and Concepts - GATC Samenvatting

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Alle experimenten uitgevoerd tijdens het vak Genetic Analysis Trends and Concepts (GATC) samengevat.

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Uploaded on
July 29, 2018
Number of pages
22
Written in
2017/2018
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GENETIC ANALYSIS, TRENDS AND CONCEPTS

THE EXPERIMENTS
Experiment A: Three-Point Cross Aspergillus nidulans
Tweede wet van Mendel  independent assortment of genes
 Niet mogelijk wanneer genen gelinkt zijn

Gene linkage
 Loci van twee genen liggen op het zelfde chromosoom / dicht bij elkaar en worden daarom
gezamenlijk overgeërfd
o Dominante allelen op zelfde chromosoom  cis conformate
o Dominante allele op verschillend chromosoom  trans conformate

 Maken van nieuwe allelcombinates alleen mogelijk door cross-over  recombinanten gevormd
o Cross-over in chiasmata
o Recombinanten < 50%
o In 4 chromatden stadium van meiose (te zien door 4 verschillende optes in tetrad)

Tree-point testcross  kruisen van trihybride met driedubbele recessieve tester
 Meest voorkomende combinates  parents
 Minst voorkomend  double cross-overs

Mapping
 In kaart brengen van afstanden tussen genen
o 1 map unit / 1 centmorgan = 1% recombginantenfrequente

Berekenen recombinatenfrequente
Aantal recombinanten/totaal * 100%  GEEN UNSEEN MULTIPLE CROSSOVERS MEEGENOMEN

Correcte voor unseen multple crossovers7
 Recombinantenfrequente = ½(1-e-m)  m = -ln(1-2RF)
 De afstand wordt dan berekend door ½ * m * 100

Berekende afstand van buitenste 2 markers altjd kleiner dan som andere afstanden
 DCO niet meegenomen zijn in berekening.
 Beste manier voor afstand berekenen dus som van de twee korte afstanden


Interference
Optreden van een crossover remt het optreden van een tweede crossover
o 1 – (observed number DCO / expected number DCO)

Chi-Square test
o Testen of loci gelinkt zijn

2 (observed−expected)2
χ=
expected

o Som van chi-square > 3.84 dan zijn de loci gelinkt

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