Ophthalmology UWorld Exam Questions with Correct Answers

Ophthalmology UWorld Exam Questions with Correct Answers A 75-year-old man comes to the office for an annual wellness visit. He feels healthy and has no bothersome symptoms. The patient is up to date on vaccines and cancer screening tests. History is notable for hypertension, for which he takes lisinopril and amlodipine, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, for which he takes metformin. The patient does not smoke and drinks alcohol only on social occasions. Blood pressure is 128/82 mm Hg. External ocular examination is normal; fundoscopic examination shows an enlarged optic cup with an increased cup/disc ratio. Automated visual field testing reveals decreased peripheral vision in all axes. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? A. Diabetic retinopathy B. Hypertensive retinopathy C. Macular degeneration D. Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy E. Optic neuritis F. Primary open-angle glaucoma - Answer-F. Primary open-angle glaucoma (Loss of peripheral vision + enlarged optic cup and an increased cup/disc ratio i.e. "cupping" of the optic disc) A 65-year-old woman comes to the office due to pain and swelling over the medial aspect of her right eye for the past 2 days. Examination of the eye reveals tenderness, edema, and redness over the medial canthus. Slight pressure over the area causes expression of purulent material. What is the most likely diagnosis? A. Episcleritis B. Dacrocystitis C. Hordeolum D. Chalazion E. Orbital cellulitis - Answer-B. Dacrocystitis (Usual infecting organism: S. aureus and beta-hemolytic streptococcus. Treatment: systemic antibiotics) An 85-year-old man comes to the office due to a rash over his forehead, tip of the nose and left eye. He also complains of pain and decreased vision. He has had fever, malaise, and a burning sensation around his left eye for the past 5 days. Temperature is 38.1 C (101 F), blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg, pulse is 92/min, and respirations are 14/min. Physical examination reveals a vesicular rash on the periorbital region and lid margins. The left eye is red, with chemosis of the conjunctiva. Dendriform ulcers are seen on the cornea. What is the most likely diagnosis? A. Herpes simplex keratitis B. Dacrocystitis C. Bacterial keratitis D. Trigeminal neuralgia E. Herpes zoster ophthalmicus - Answer-E. Herpes zoster ophthalmicus