NHA Phlebotomy Exam 2023/2024
Questions with complete solutions
OSHA - ANSWER-Establishes regulations and guidelines to direct phlebotomists to
work at the highest level of safety possible when handling bio hazards and chemicals.
The blood borne pathogens standard (OSHA) - ANSWER-- addresses use of PPE
- availability to the Hep B immunization
- Each workplace must have a exposure control plan
- has guidelines to ensure safety
- provides standard plans for after an exposure.
- engineering controls and record keeping protocols
PPE for venipuncture and capillary (OSHA) - ANSWER-well fitting gloves
Airborne infection PPE (OSHA) - ANSWER-N99 or N95 mask
What do you do when you have an accidental needle stick? (OSHA) - ANSWER-First
you wash the area with soap and water (basic first aid), then undergo medical
examination that includes you and the patient get tested for HIV, HBV and HCV. Then
document the exposure in sharps injury log.
What do you include in a sharps injury log? (OSHA) - ANSWER-date and time of
incident, type of sharps used, who was involved (patient or staff w/o names), location
and a detailed description of how it occurred.
What is the joint commission? - ANSWER-- accredits and certifies healthcare
organizations
- independent, nongovernmental, and nonprofit
- focuses on continual improvement of patient safety and quality of care through
regulations and standards
The national patient safety goals program (JC) - ANSWER-sets requirements for issues
including training of health care professionals, communication of test results, and
accurate IDs (2-factor method)
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) - ANSWER--develops standards and
guidelines in order for a laboratory to be accredited
- provides guidelines for phlebotomists for better accuracy and patient care (like for the
use of tubes and needles). standards include level of additives and their use for which
,tests, order of draw, processing and handling, depth of needle and location needed for
capillary collection
- provides guidelines for quality control, patient care, risk reductions, and time saving
and cost cutting measures.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) - ANSWER-- helps ID and and
educate about infections, illnesses and disease preventions.
- IDs new disease and works to prevent spreads
- Provides guidelines for PPE sharps handling and hand hygiene
- recommends standard precautions when handling body fluids
HIPPA - ANSWER-- Protects every patients PHI (protected health info) which is any
and all info that relates to the patients medical record or electronic health record.
- details what info is confidential and any authorized release of that info
Info protected under HIPPA - ANSWER-demographic info, treatment, meds, diagnostic
testing. Any info w/o a way to ID the patient is not protected
When is the phlebotomist responsible for the patient? - ANSWER-Before, during and
immediately after venipuncture
What happens if you go through with the venipuncture without consent? - ANSWER-It
would be considered assult
Techniques to find a vein - ANSWER-warming the area, wiping it with an alcohol wipe,
and lowering the limb below the level of the patients heart
Why do phlebotomists avoid the wrist? - ANSWER-potential ulnar nerve damage or
inadvertent arterial access
Why is the basilic vein the least desirable for venipuncture? - ANSWER-it is close to the
brachial artery and it is most painful
Why would a phlebotomist avoid the legs and feet of a patient who has diabetes
mellitus? - ANSWER-To prevent possible infection
What do you do if a hematoma develops? - ANSWER-Stop the procedure
What do you do if the patient shows early signs of a seizure or syncope? - ANSWER-
You immediately stop the procedure and lie them on the floor or in their bed. Give them
a cold compress and stay with them until they recover
Quality control - ANSWER-a measure of precision or of how well an instrument is
functioning over time
Quality assurance - ANSWER-ensuring a test is as accurate as possible
, What do you write in the equipment log - ANSWER-The time and date you ran a quality
control test and the results of the test
How often should you clean lab equipment? - ANSWER-several times per day
Why would a centrifuge be shaking excessively? - ANSWER-The tubes need to be
about the same size and volume. The tubes also have to be placed directly across from
each other
What could happen if the centrifuge shakes too much - ANSWER-tube breakage or
improper centrifuging
What do you do if a piece of equipment is not working correctly or at all? - ANSWER-
Make a repair report (state the date, description of issue, and the steps you took to try
to fix the problem)
How can you ensure quality control when using glucometers? - ANSWER-Use of
external controls, matching test strip codes and reviewing expiration dates
When do you use external controls when using a glucometer? - ANSWER-- when
opening a new package of strips and each day you preform a test
- drastically out of range readings
- use at room temp and not past expiration date
What step should the phlebotomist take after seeing 2 widely divergent test results in a
glucometer? - ANSWER-Preform liquid controls (running controls will help to
troubleshoot the problem)
What should the phlebotomist do about the defective glucometer strips? - ANSWER-
Contact the manufacturer and follow instructions for sending back the strips
While collecting a blood specimen, a phlebotomist notices the glass collection tube is
cracked. What would be the correct action? - ANSWER-dispose of the tube in a sharps
container
A phlebotomist is taking blood from a patient with a MRSA infected wound, what should
they do once once the procedure is done? - ANSWER-Dispose of their gown before
leaving the room
A phlebotomist is performing a blood alcohol test. What antiseptic should they use? -
ANSWER-Chlorhexidine gluconate (ethanol, iodine tincture and isopropyl alcohol all has
alcohol in it and would skew the results)
If a centrifuge where to catch on fire, which class of fire would it be? - ANSWER-Class
C (it involves electrical equipment)
Questions with complete solutions
OSHA - ANSWER-Establishes regulations and guidelines to direct phlebotomists to
work at the highest level of safety possible when handling bio hazards and chemicals.
The blood borne pathogens standard (OSHA) - ANSWER-- addresses use of PPE
- availability to the Hep B immunization
- Each workplace must have a exposure control plan
- has guidelines to ensure safety
- provides standard plans for after an exposure.
- engineering controls and record keeping protocols
PPE for venipuncture and capillary (OSHA) - ANSWER-well fitting gloves
Airborne infection PPE (OSHA) - ANSWER-N99 or N95 mask
What do you do when you have an accidental needle stick? (OSHA) - ANSWER-First
you wash the area with soap and water (basic first aid), then undergo medical
examination that includes you and the patient get tested for HIV, HBV and HCV. Then
document the exposure in sharps injury log.
What do you include in a sharps injury log? (OSHA) - ANSWER-date and time of
incident, type of sharps used, who was involved (patient or staff w/o names), location
and a detailed description of how it occurred.
What is the joint commission? - ANSWER-- accredits and certifies healthcare
organizations
- independent, nongovernmental, and nonprofit
- focuses on continual improvement of patient safety and quality of care through
regulations and standards
The national patient safety goals program (JC) - ANSWER-sets requirements for issues
including training of health care professionals, communication of test results, and
accurate IDs (2-factor method)
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) - ANSWER--develops standards and
guidelines in order for a laboratory to be accredited
- provides guidelines for phlebotomists for better accuracy and patient care (like for the
use of tubes and needles). standards include level of additives and their use for which
,tests, order of draw, processing and handling, depth of needle and location needed for
capillary collection
- provides guidelines for quality control, patient care, risk reductions, and time saving
and cost cutting measures.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) - ANSWER-- helps ID and and
educate about infections, illnesses and disease preventions.
- IDs new disease and works to prevent spreads
- Provides guidelines for PPE sharps handling and hand hygiene
- recommends standard precautions when handling body fluids
HIPPA - ANSWER-- Protects every patients PHI (protected health info) which is any
and all info that relates to the patients medical record or electronic health record.
- details what info is confidential and any authorized release of that info
Info protected under HIPPA - ANSWER-demographic info, treatment, meds, diagnostic
testing. Any info w/o a way to ID the patient is not protected
When is the phlebotomist responsible for the patient? - ANSWER-Before, during and
immediately after venipuncture
What happens if you go through with the venipuncture without consent? - ANSWER-It
would be considered assult
Techniques to find a vein - ANSWER-warming the area, wiping it with an alcohol wipe,
and lowering the limb below the level of the patients heart
Why do phlebotomists avoid the wrist? - ANSWER-potential ulnar nerve damage or
inadvertent arterial access
Why is the basilic vein the least desirable for venipuncture? - ANSWER-it is close to the
brachial artery and it is most painful
Why would a phlebotomist avoid the legs and feet of a patient who has diabetes
mellitus? - ANSWER-To prevent possible infection
What do you do if a hematoma develops? - ANSWER-Stop the procedure
What do you do if the patient shows early signs of a seizure or syncope? - ANSWER-
You immediately stop the procedure and lie them on the floor or in their bed. Give them
a cold compress and stay with them until they recover
Quality control - ANSWER-a measure of precision or of how well an instrument is
functioning over time
Quality assurance - ANSWER-ensuring a test is as accurate as possible
, What do you write in the equipment log - ANSWER-The time and date you ran a quality
control test and the results of the test
How often should you clean lab equipment? - ANSWER-several times per day
Why would a centrifuge be shaking excessively? - ANSWER-The tubes need to be
about the same size and volume. The tubes also have to be placed directly across from
each other
What could happen if the centrifuge shakes too much - ANSWER-tube breakage or
improper centrifuging
What do you do if a piece of equipment is not working correctly or at all? - ANSWER-
Make a repair report (state the date, description of issue, and the steps you took to try
to fix the problem)
How can you ensure quality control when using glucometers? - ANSWER-Use of
external controls, matching test strip codes and reviewing expiration dates
When do you use external controls when using a glucometer? - ANSWER-- when
opening a new package of strips and each day you preform a test
- drastically out of range readings
- use at room temp and not past expiration date
What step should the phlebotomist take after seeing 2 widely divergent test results in a
glucometer? - ANSWER-Preform liquid controls (running controls will help to
troubleshoot the problem)
What should the phlebotomist do about the defective glucometer strips? - ANSWER-
Contact the manufacturer and follow instructions for sending back the strips
While collecting a blood specimen, a phlebotomist notices the glass collection tube is
cracked. What would be the correct action? - ANSWER-dispose of the tube in a sharps
container
A phlebotomist is taking blood from a patient with a MRSA infected wound, what should
they do once once the procedure is done? - ANSWER-Dispose of their gown before
leaving the room
A phlebotomist is performing a blood alcohol test. What antiseptic should they use? -
ANSWER-Chlorhexidine gluconate (ethanol, iodine tincture and isopropyl alcohol all has
alcohol in it and would skew the results)
If a centrifuge where to catch on fire, which class of fire would it be? - ANSWER-Class
C (it involves electrical equipment)
