ABMDI Trace Evidence 100% REVISED SOLUTIONS 100% GUARANTEE PASS

ABMDI Trace Evidence 100% REVISED SOLUTIONS 100% GUARANTEE PASS Materials Evidence "Trace Evidence" - ANSWER the transfer of a small quantity of material and it may not always be detected. Examples of "Trace Evidence" - ANSWER Hair, Paint, Fiber, Glass, Soil, Fabric, GSR How can transfer of "Trace Evidence" occur? - ANSWER 2 objects come into contact and share a mutual exchange of material. LOCARD'S EXCHANGE Another way "Trace Evidence" can be transferred? - ANSWER material can be DEPOSITED. material does not have to come in contact in order for material to be left behind. Examples of DEPOSITED material - ANSWER GSR, Pollen, Dust, Hair/Fiber What is Hair? - ANSWER long, slender outgrowth follicle of mammals that is made of keratin, cover most of body and protects head Morphology - ANSWER physical and structural characteristics of hair Examples of Morphology characteristics - ANSWER Hair color, Size, Tip, Root, Damage, Artifacts Can hair be individualized? - ANSWER Hair CANNOT be individualized based on its morphology The shaft of the hair is composed of 3 layers - ANSWER Cuticle, Cortex, Medulla Cuticle - ANSWER covers the outside of the hair, helps keep structure over time, keratinized, resistance to chemical decomposition. (outside shell) Cortex - ANSWER contains the pigments for hair color, they're inside the cuticle, made up of spindle-shaped cortical cells (little brown dots) Medulla - ANSWER runs through the center , can be present in animals and humans, medullary index (center dark part) 3 types of human hair - ANSWER Caucasoid, Negroid, and Monogloid Roots - ANSWER Provide the necessary growth and production and the shape and size depends on the growth phase Anagen - ANSWER Root is attached to the follicle, will remain here for 6 years, has continued growth Catagen - ANSWER Growth slows down, root bulb begins to shrink, will remain here 2- 3 weeks, transition stage Telogen - ANSWER hair growth ends, may take up to 2-6 months, hair will naturally shed, hair is pushed out of the follicle and the root appears club-shaped What forensic significance does root examination have? - ANSWER Forcefully pulled vs Shed and Presences DNA How should hair be collected? - ANSWER hair should be pulled at the root NOT cut because the length from the root to tip might be important to forensic examination. How many sections are in a head? - ANSWER 4 sections How many hairs of each section should you take out. - ANSWER 5-10 hairs each section Two (2) methods for examination of hair? - ANSWER Microscopy and DNA What type of examinations can be done on hair evidence? - ANSWER Microscopy and DNA What are the three (3) layers of hair that can be identified during a morphological examination? - ANSWER Cuticle, Cortex, Medulla What would a hair examiner be concerned with when comparing strands of hair to each other? - ANSWER Damage, color, size, tip, length Can hair be Individualized? - ANSWER Hair CANNOT be individualized using morphology Where can DNA be found in hair? - ANSWER DNA can be found in the root What are the three (3) growth phases of hair? List in order. - ANSWER Anagen, Catagen and Telogen What can the root structure of hair help an examiner determine? - ANSWER DNA!! Fibers - ANSWER most common kind of material evidence found Fibers are... - ANSWER used in commerce, easily broken, sticks to other objects easily, commonly transferred during contact, light, will catch onto rough objects Two (2) classifications of Fibers - ANSWER Natural and Synthetic Natural - ANSWER Animal, Vegetable and Mine