Ch. 9: Antibiotics (Karch Focus on
Nursing Pharmacology) Questions and
Correct Answers
aerobic - correct answers:bacteria that depend on oxygen for survival
anaerobic - correct answers:bacteria that survive without oxygen, which are often
seen when blood flow is cut off to an area of the body
antibiotic - correct answers:chemical that is able to inhibit the growth of specific
bacteria or cause the death of susceptible bacteria
gram-negative - correct answers:bacteria that accept a negative stain and are
frequently associated with infections of the genitourinary or GI tract
gram-positive - correct answers:bacteria that take a positive stain and are frequently associated with
infections of the respiratory tract and soft tissues
synergistic - correct answers:drugs that work together to increase drug effectiveness
Prototype of Aminoglycosides - correct answers:Gentamicin
Indications of Gentamicin:
(Prototype of Aminoglycosides) - correct answers:Treatment of serious infections caused by
susceptible bacteria.
Actions of Gentamicin:
(Prototype of Aminoglycosides) - correct answers:Inhibits protein synthesis in susceptible strains of
gram-negative bacteria, disrupting functional integrity of the cell membrane and causing cell death.
, Adverse Effects of Gentamicin:
(Prototype of Aminoglycosides) - correct answers:Sinusitis, dizziness, rash, fever, risk of !nephrotoxicity
and hearing loss (ototoxicity)!
Prototype of Carbapenems - correct answers:Ertapenem
Indications of Ertapenem:
(Prototype of Carbapenems) - correct answers:New class of bactericidal, broad-spectrum antibiotics
Treatment of community-acquired pneumonia, complicated genitourinary infections, complicated intra-
abdominal infections, skin and skin- structure infections, and acute pelvic infections caused by
susceptible bacteria
Actions of Ertapenem:
(Prototype of Carbapenems) - correct answers:Inhibits protein synthesis in susceptible strains of gram-
positive and gram-negative bacteria, disrupting functional integrity of the cell membrane and causing
cell death.
Adverse Effects of Ertapenem:
(Prototype of Carbapenems) - correct answers:Toxic effects on the GI tract can limit the use -
pseudomembranous colitis, Clostridium difficile diarrhea, nephrotoxicity and N/V leading to dehydration
and electrolyte imbalances are the most significant AEs
Headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, pseudomembranous colitis, rash, pain at injection site.
Prototype of Cephalosporins: - correct answers:Cefaclor
Indications of Cefaclor:
(Prototype of Cephalosporins) - correct answers:Preoperative prophylaxis to minimize risk of infection
(prophylaxis C-sections, and abdominal, vaginal biliary, and colorectal surgery)
Nursing Pharmacology) Questions and
Correct Answers
aerobic - correct answers:bacteria that depend on oxygen for survival
anaerobic - correct answers:bacteria that survive without oxygen, which are often
seen when blood flow is cut off to an area of the body
antibiotic - correct answers:chemical that is able to inhibit the growth of specific
bacteria or cause the death of susceptible bacteria
gram-negative - correct answers:bacteria that accept a negative stain and are
frequently associated with infections of the genitourinary or GI tract
gram-positive - correct answers:bacteria that take a positive stain and are frequently associated with
infections of the respiratory tract and soft tissues
synergistic - correct answers:drugs that work together to increase drug effectiveness
Prototype of Aminoglycosides - correct answers:Gentamicin
Indications of Gentamicin:
(Prototype of Aminoglycosides) - correct answers:Treatment of serious infections caused by
susceptible bacteria.
Actions of Gentamicin:
(Prototype of Aminoglycosides) - correct answers:Inhibits protein synthesis in susceptible strains of
gram-negative bacteria, disrupting functional integrity of the cell membrane and causing cell death.
, Adverse Effects of Gentamicin:
(Prototype of Aminoglycosides) - correct answers:Sinusitis, dizziness, rash, fever, risk of !nephrotoxicity
and hearing loss (ototoxicity)!
Prototype of Carbapenems - correct answers:Ertapenem
Indications of Ertapenem:
(Prototype of Carbapenems) - correct answers:New class of bactericidal, broad-spectrum antibiotics
Treatment of community-acquired pneumonia, complicated genitourinary infections, complicated intra-
abdominal infections, skin and skin- structure infections, and acute pelvic infections caused by
susceptible bacteria
Actions of Ertapenem:
(Prototype of Carbapenems) - correct answers:Inhibits protein synthesis in susceptible strains of gram-
positive and gram-negative bacteria, disrupting functional integrity of the cell membrane and causing
cell death.
Adverse Effects of Ertapenem:
(Prototype of Carbapenems) - correct answers:Toxic effects on the GI tract can limit the use -
pseudomembranous colitis, Clostridium difficile diarrhea, nephrotoxicity and N/V leading to dehydration
and electrolyte imbalances are the most significant AEs
Headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, pseudomembranous colitis, rash, pain at injection site.
Prototype of Cephalosporins: - correct answers:Cefaclor
Indications of Cefaclor:
(Prototype of Cephalosporins) - correct answers:Preoperative prophylaxis to minimize risk of infection
(prophylaxis C-sections, and abdominal, vaginal biliary, and colorectal surgery)
