Pathophysiology (WCU w-Song) ch 10 Exam Questions and Answers

Pathophysiology (WCU w-Song) ch 10 Exam Questions and Answers Specific immune cells -Answer-Are cells own specific memory cells for certain pathogen so they can respond to infection directly -T cells (T3, T4, TC, & TH) -B cells (antibodies): IgA, IgE, IgM, IgG Non-specific immune cells -Answer-neutrophils basophils/mast cell esinophils monocytes macrophages 5 cardinal signs of inflammation -Answer-redness, swelling, heat, pain, loss of function Redness -Answer-rubor Swelling -Answer-tumor Heat -Answer-calor Pain -Answer-dolor Loss of function -Answer-functio laesa acute inflammation -Answer-Short in duration (lasting 2 weeks) involves a discrete set of events chronic inflammation -Answer-more diffuse extend over a long period may result in formation of scar tissue or deformity Inflammation events -Answer-1. increase vascular permeability 2. emigration of leukocytes 3. phagocytosis increase vascular permeability -Answer-mast cells release vasoactive chemicals (histamines, prostaglandins, and leukotrines). Blood exit the vessels to injured site and caused swelling, heat, pain, and redness. Roles of histamines in inflammation -Answer-bronchoconstriction and mucus production. Roles of prostaglandins in inflammation -Answer-vasodilation and increase permeability -cause pain by enhancing pain receptors Roles of leukotrines in inflammation -Answer-smooth muscle contraction, bronchospam, increase vascular permeability Emigration of leukocytes -Answer--neutrophils and macrophages adhere to endothelial cells of capillaries (migration or pavement) -leukocytes squeeze through gaps created by contraction of endothelial cells Phagocytosis -Answer--neutrophils and monocytes (macrophages) begin cell eating. What is the most effective anti-inflammatory medication? -Answer-Steroids Deficient immune response -Answer-ineffective immune response Autoimmunity -Answer-reaction of immune response to one's own tissues. -Involves MHC genes and gender. -Lead to inflammation Excessive immune response -Answer-over or hyper functioning of immune system. Eg. Autoimmunity or hypersensitivity What gender is at higher risk for autoimmunity disorders? -Answer-Females MHC genes -Answer-major histocompatibility complex, appear to increase the risk of autoimmune disease Hypersensitivity -Answer-Normal immune response that is triggered , excessive, or produce undesirable effects on the body. -Hypersensitivity I, II, III, IV -describe the mechanism of injury and may or may not involve autoimmunity -Lead to inflammation Treatment of autoimmunity ? -Answer-Individualize immunosuppressive therapy Immunosuppressive immunity treatment -An