MCAT Psych AAMC FL1 Exam 2024 primacy effect -Answer -phenomenon that we are more likely to recall information at the beginning state-dependent effect -Answer -phenomenon through which memory retrieval is most efficient when an individual is in the SAME state of consciousness as when the memory was formed misinformation effect -Answer -errors in memory that occur when new information influences existing memories dual-coding theory -Answer -*Paivio* attempts to give equal weight to semantic and visual processing dual-coding hypothesis -Answe r-hypothesis that is easier to remember words with associated images than either words or images alone spreading of activation theory -Answer -when a concept is activated, the activation spreads to concepts that are semantically or associatively related to it. Thus, people often retrieve unpresented members of a category when tested on their memory for a series of presented concepts from that category memory for locations is influenced by -Answer -categorical knowledge Piaget's sensorimotor stage (ages) -Answ er-0-2 Piaget's preoperational stage (ages) -Answer -2-7 Piaget's concrete operation stage (ages) -Answer -7-11 Piaget's formal operational stage (ages -Answer -12-adulthood Integrity vs despair -Answer -(65+) looks back with no regrets and feels personal wort h Trust/mistrust -Answer -(0-1) child's physical and emotional needs must be met Autonomy vs shame & doubt -Answer -(1-3) explores, make mistakes, and test limits Initiative vs guilt -Answer -(3-6) able to make basic decisions for self Industry vs inferiority -Answer -(6-12) must learn gender identity, school success, attain personal goals, understand the world Identify vs role confusion -Answer -(12-20) identity, goals, life meaning, limit -testing Intimacy vs isolation -Answer -(20-40) form intimate relationship s Generativity vs stagnation -Answer -(40-65) must help next generation and resolve difference between dreams and accomplishments psychodynamic -Answer - behaviorist -Answer -focuses on the role of reinforcement and punishment in shaping behavior trait -Answe r- humanistic -Answer - unconditioned stimuli -Answer -stimuli that automatically triggers a response conditioned stimuli -Answer -acquired stimuli unconditioned responses -Answer -natural reactions conditioned responses -Answer -learned reactions discriminatory stimuli -Answer -the cue (stimulus) that is present when the behavior is reinforced signaling stimuli -Answer -neutral stimuli (does not produce a reflexive response) that have the potential to b e used as conditioned stimuli positive punishers -Answer -add aversive stimuli, weaken response negative punishers -Answer -remove positive stimulus, weaken response interoceptive awareness -Answer -increased sensitivity to internal bodily sensations, such as heartbeat and blood pressured, which are regulated by the autonomic nervous system reticular activation system -Answer - autonomic nervous system -Answer - limbic system -Answer - somatic nervous system -Answer - classical conditioning -Answer -a type of learn ing in which one learns to link two or more stimuli, result in the changing of one stimuli operant conditioning -Answer -uses reinforcement and punishment to elicit a certain behavior top-down processes -Answer -filter and interpret bottom -up stimuli in ligh t of preexisting knowledge and expectations affective processes -Answer -feelings and responses, positive or negative, related to emotion -
laden behavior, knowledge, or beliefs physiological processes -Answer -? cognitive processes -Answer -processes that invo lve changes in an individual's *thought, intelligence, and language* correlational studies -Answer -examine how variables are naturally related in the real world
laden behavior, knowledge, or beliefs physiological processes -Answer -? cognitive processes -Answer -processes that invo lve changes in an individual's *thought, intelligence, and language* correlational studies -Answer -examine how variables are naturally related in the real world
