NUR 106 UNIT 1 CH 2 Drugs and the Body Final Exam And Complete Answers 2024.

Absorption - correct answer What happens to a drug from the time it enters the body until it enters the circulating fluid; intravenous administration causes the drug to directly enter the circulating blood, bypassing the many complications of absorption from other routes Active transport - correct answer The movement of substance across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient; this process requires the use of energy Chemotherapeutic agents - correct answer Synthetic chemicals used to interfere with the function of foreign cell populations; this term is frequently used to refer to the drug therapy of neoplasms, but it also refers to drug therapy affecting foreign cells Critical Concentration - correct answer the concentration a drug must reach in the tissues that respond to the particular drug to cause the desired effect Distribution - correct answer Movement of a drug to body tissues; the places where a drug may be distributed depend on the drug's solubility, perfusion of the area, cardiac output and binding of the drug to plasma proteins Enzyme Induction - correct answer process by which the presence of a chemical that is biotransformed by a particular enzyme system in the liver causes increased activity of that enzyme system Excretion - correct answer Removal of a drug from the body; primarily occurs in the kidneys but can occur through the skin, lungs, bile or feces First-pass effect - correct answer A phenomenon in which drugs given orally are carried directly to the liver after absorption where they may be largely inactivated by liver enzymes before they can enter the general circulation; oral dugs frequently are given in higher doses than drugs given by other routes because of this early breakdown.