Earth Science Exam Questions with Complete Solutions (Rated A+)

Earth Science Exam Questions with Complete Solutions (Rated A+) What is Uniformitarianism? - Answer-The belief that earth forming processes are natural, have always been the same, and have always happened at the same gradual rate. Who first published the idea of uniformitarianism as a basic approach to geologic science? - Answer-Charles Lyell Why did uniformitarianism require that the earth is old? - Answer-They belief that a few thousand years weren't long enough for sediments to form the rocks they see or for mountains to rise at the rates they were growing. What is the name for the viewpoint that the earth is billions of years old? - Answer-Deep-time view Give some examples of direct scientific observation in geology: - Answer-Draw maps showing where to find different kinds of rocks and the vertical order of rock layers. They study cracks in the rocks to look for movement where building foundations will go. Soil geologists identify different layers of soil and learn how underlying rocks make these layers. What two kinds of information geologist use when explaining how a rock formed in the past: - Answer-By their makeup and properties. What basic principles of operational science do most secular scientists not properly apply to historical science? - Answer-The Creation Mandate- God-given responsibility for His creation. Name two biblical events this problem causes most scientist to ignore: - Answer-The Creation of the world and global catastrophes like the Flood. How does Genesis 8:22 relate to the principle of uniformity? - Answer-God continues to regulate His creation so that it is a stable place. Scientists who do not believe the Bible accept the principle of uniformity. - Answer-True TRUE/FALSE - (Astronomers) study earth, its neighbors, and other matter in the universe. - Answer-true TRUE/FALSE - Meteorology is the study of materials that make up Earth and the processes that form and change these materials. - Answer-false, geology TRUE/FALSE - (Oceanographers) study creatures that inhabit salty water, measure physical and chemical properties of the oceans, and examine he effects of human activities on the oceans. - Answer-true TRUE/FALSE - The biosphere includes all (organisms) that live within a few meters of Earth's surface, at the bottom of oceans, and on the tops of mountains. - Answer-true TRUE/FALSE - Scientific laws and theories (cannot) change. - Answer-false, can What is the latitude of the north pole? - Answer-90 degrees north Which statement about lines of longitude is true? a. converge at poles b. converge at equator c. they are parallel d. they locate positions in N&S directions - Answer-(A) Lines of longitude converge at