Integumentary System Questions and Answers 100% Solved

Integumentary System Questions and Answers 100% Solved Integumentary system - includes Consists of the skin, hair, and nails Integumentary system functions protection water retention thermoregulation vitamin D synthesis cutaneous sensation Skin response to high temperature *sweat *dilate skin blood vessels Skin response to cold temperature *constrict skin blood vessels frostbite a condition that results when body tissues become frozen epidermis the outermost layer of skin and the only layer in direct contact with the outside environment cells of the epidermis *keratinized stratified squamous epithelial cells *melanocytes - pigment keratin A fiber protein that is the principal component of hair, skin, and nails *this protein fills epidermal cells completely until they are flat layers of dead cells packed with this protein dermis middle layer of skin - contains the nerve endings, blood vessels, hair follicles, sweat glands, oil glands papillary dermis Layer of the dermis directly under the epidermis; has lots of capillaries and its folds form our fingerprints. reticular dermis dense irregular connective tissue (helps prevent tearing of the skin) of the dermis sudoriferous glands sweat glands that are distributed in the dermis over the entire body sebaceous glands oil glands that secrete oil into the hair follicles where the hair shafts pass through the dermis Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer) Composed of adipose tissue; functions as a site for storage, shock absorber, insulates deep tissue, and anchors skin to underlying tissues. 1st degree burn Only the epidermis (red, painful, and edema) 2nd degree burn thermal damage to the first & second layers of the skin (epidermis and dermis) Blisters will appear 3rd degree burn (full thickness) Involves subcutaneous layer, may involve muscle/bone, usually also has some 2nd degree burns (around the edges, for example) painless at first because nerve endings destroyed acute danger with burns dehydration Rule of 9's for estimating burn area Head and neck = 9% Upper Ex = 9% each Lower Ex = 9% each Front trunk = 18% Back trunk = 18% cellulite a local uneven surface of the skin caused by fat deposition pushing through areas of weaker collagen fibers in the dermis blister a bubble-like collection of fluid beneath the epidermis of the skin - usually caused by friction or burn damage that separates the dermis from the epidermis Vitamin D Cholesterol, in the presence of UV light, is converted into ________________________. chronic concern with burn patients infection, often fungal in nature Raynaud's phenomenon triggered by cold or stress recurrent episodes of pallor and cyanosis primarily in fingers and toes; is characterized by exaggerated vasoconstriction in the extremities