Integumentary System Questions and Answers Already Passed

Integumentary System Questions and Answers Already Passed Name the epidermal layers 1. Stratum Corneum 2. Stratum Lucidum 3. Stratum Granulosum 4. Stratum Spinosum 5. Stratum Basale Where is the epidermis and dermis located in relationship to each other? 1. epidermis 2. dermis 3. hypodermis What types of tissues/cells are found in the dermis? connective tissue, fat cells, and nerve cells List the two types of sweat glands and explain the difference between the two eccrine glands- regulate body temperature with perspiration apocrine glands- found only in the armpit and pubic regions, secrete a thicker sweat that puts off an odor What role do sebaceous (oil) glands play in the skin? secretes hair into shaft in order to keep hair and skin soft inhibits growth of bacteria and fungi What is the job of the erector pili muscle? How is this related to the phenomenon called "goosebumps"? contracts with cold or fear goosebumps happen when hair is pulled vertically What are hair follicles? Where do hair cells get their color? a sac from which hair grows and into which the sebaceous glands open melanin amounts determine hair color Where is the hypodermis? What is the hypodermis composed of? What is another name for the hypodermis? beneath the dermis adipose and loose connective tissue Subcutaneous layer What types of sensations do sensory receptors detect? What is the function of the sensory receptors? touch, pressure, vibrations, pain, and temperature protect and help maintain homeostasis What structures are associated with the integumentary system? skin, nails, hair, glands, nerves What are the functions of the integumentary system? protects, maintains temperature, precursor to Vitamin D, receptor, cushions, disposes of waste What part does the skin play in your immune system? skin is one of the first defense mechanisms in your immune system How does the integumentary system interact with the digestive system? by helping to synthesize and absorb Vitamin D the integument systems works with with the digestive system to encourage uptake of calcium from our diet Why is it that patches placed on the skin can be used to deliver medications to the bloodstream? certain substances can enter the bloodstream through the capillary networks in the skin What role does your skin play in the regulation of body temperature? hairs on the skin trap warmth if they are standing up, glands under the skin secrete sweat to increase heat loss, capillaries near the surface of the skin open or close when body is hot or cold How important is your skin for the functioning of the nervous system? your skin plays a vital role in your body as regards to the sense of touch What parts of the integumentary system are made up of dead epidermal cells? hair, fingernails, toenails What is the purpose of the excretory system? finding and removing waste materials produced by the body What primary organs are involved in the excretion process? lungs, kidneys, skin What types of waste products are removed through the skin? dead cells and sweat What are the two types of skin? thin and thick What types of cells are contained in the epidermal layers? keratinocyte, Langerhans cell, melanocyte, Merkel cell List the dermal layers 1. Papillary layer 2. Reticular layer What structures are in the dermal layers? Papillary- Meissner's corpuscles, free nerve endings, dermal papillae Reticular-connective tissue, oil glands, sweat gland ducts, fat, and hair follicles What is melanin? What cells produce melanin? What cells use melanin? What is the function of melanin? Melanin is the pigment in your skin Melanin is produced in the epidermis by melanocytes Keratinocytes use melanin to color our skin, eyes, & hair Differing amounts of melanin cause different people to be different colors. Although ultra-violet light from the sun increases melanin production (which has an effect on skin color) What are the free endings/corpuscles and their function in the dermis? To what sensations are they sensitive? Meissner's Corpuscles-respond to light touch Pacinian Corpuscles- sensitive to deep pressure and vibrations Ruffini's Corpuscles-respond to stretching Free nerve endings- can detect pressure or pain What are the three layers of the hair? Shaft- 1. hair cuticle 2. cortex 3. medula Root is below the surface Follicle surrounds the root What are the three stages of hair development? Anagen (growth stage)-cells at the base are growing Catagen (transition stage)- follicles begin to shrink Telogen (resting stage)- cells are inactive and the follicle atrophies List and describe the components of the structure of a fingernail nail body-pink due to underlying capillaries lunula-white due to thickened stratum basale cuticle-stratum corneum layer nail matrix- deep to the roots, where nail growth occurs nail root- under skin layers nail bed- skin beneath the nail plate What are the three main types of fingerprints? arches, loops, whorls