NM II Final Exam

Describe the difference between TBI and ABI - ans TBI is a traumatic brain injury, a brain injury caused by blunt trauma from external forces, rapid acceleration/deceleration, or explosion ABI is anoxic brain injury, a brain injury resulting from lack of oxygen to the brain such as stroke, heart attack, or drowning The best thing to do with a patient with rising ICP is to elevate their feet (T/F) - ans False Levels of Arousal - ans Coma: limited to no arousal Vegetative State: awake, non-purposeful movement/actions, unpredictable sleep/wake cycles Minimally Conscious State: inconsistent in awareness Please describe the scoring of the Glasgow Coma Scale - ans 3 response scales assessing motor (6), verbal (5), eye opening (4) 8 is severe with poor prognosis 9-12 moderate injury 13-15 mild injury Describe decorticate posturing - ans Sustained contraction and posturing of the upper limbs in flexion and the lower limbs in extension. The elbows, wrists, and fingers are held in flexion with shoulders adducted tightly to the sides while the legs are held in extension, internal rotation, and plantarflexion Describe decerebrate posturing - ans Abnormal extensor response Sustained contraction and posturing of the trunk and limbs in a position of full extension. The elbows are extended with shoulders adducted, forearms pronated, and wrist and fingers flexed. The legs are held in stiff extension with plantarflexion.