NR 222 Final Exam with answers
2023/2024
active immunity - A form of acquired immunity in which the body produces its own
antibodies against disease-causing antigens.
Adaptive model of health - A person's measure of health is his or her ability to adjust
positively to social, mental, and physiological change. Illness occurs when the person
fails to adapt or becomes maladaptive to these changes.
ADPIE - Nursing Process - Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
Advanced Directives - -communicate client's end-of-life care wishes for them if they
become unable to
-PSDA requires all clients be asked if they have advanced directives upon admission
-clients with out advanced directives must be provided with written information about
their health care rights and how to formulate advanced directives
-a health care rep should be available to help with the process
Affordable Care Act (ACA) - How health care is paid, health promotion, disease
prevention, illness management, more services for community.law passed in 2010 to
expand access to insurance, address cost reduction and affordability, improve the
quality of healthcare, and introduce the Patient's Bill of Rights
ANA what is is? American Nurses Association - The Association that guides the scope
of nursing practice, regulate the scope of practice, provide guidelines for ethical
practice. What for? to assure competency in nursing
Assessment - .Gathering information about a patients condition
Autonomy - Self-determination
Based on the human capacity for reason and thus for self-governance
Individuals should be permitted to make their own decisions, even when these decisions
seem to others to be ill-informed
Exceptions:
Situations in which there is a high risk of serious injury/death, and when it cannot be
determined whether the person's judgment is impaired (we suspect the individual is not
able to reason adequately)
, Beneficence - Quality or state of doing/producing good
Maximizing the benefits of actions while minimizing harms
May involve rules that are designed to protect people against the negative effects of
their own actions
Benner's stages of nursing proficiency: - Novice
Advanced beginner
Competent
Proficient
Expert
(In above order from beginner to expert) slide 42
Can you have an illness without a disease? Disease without illness? -
Can you identify the 7 roles of nurses? - Advocate
Care manager
Communicator
Consultant
Deliverer of services
Educator
Researcher
Clara Barton (1821-1912) - started the American Red Cross in 1881
Clinical model of health - absence of disease, prevention not emphasized (only goes to
Dr. when sick)
Confidentiality— - people have the right to decide who have access to information, thus
limiting the negative use of personal information by others
Health care professionals must strive to keep patients' personal information confidential
Disclose only as much information as necessary to permit optimal care and only
information that is pertinent to the situation
Overridden only in situations in which extreme harm to the patient or others is imminent
Continuing and in-service education -
diagnose - To identify the patients problems
Dilemma - situations in which a choice must be made between two or more equally
undesirable options
True dilemmas are rare, but neglected issues can become dilemmas
disease - Failure of a person's adaptive mechanisms
Results in functional or structural disturbances
2023/2024
active immunity - A form of acquired immunity in which the body produces its own
antibodies against disease-causing antigens.
Adaptive model of health - A person's measure of health is his or her ability to adjust
positively to social, mental, and physiological change. Illness occurs when the person
fails to adapt or becomes maladaptive to these changes.
ADPIE - Nursing Process - Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
Advanced Directives - -communicate client's end-of-life care wishes for them if they
become unable to
-PSDA requires all clients be asked if they have advanced directives upon admission
-clients with out advanced directives must be provided with written information about
their health care rights and how to formulate advanced directives
-a health care rep should be available to help with the process
Affordable Care Act (ACA) - How health care is paid, health promotion, disease
prevention, illness management, more services for community.law passed in 2010 to
expand access to insurance, address cost reduction and affordability, improve the
quality of healthcare, and introduce the Patient's Bill of Rights
ANA what is is? American Nurses Association - The Association that guides the scope
of nursing practice, regulate the scope of practice, provide guidelines for ethical
practice. What for? to assure competency in nursing
Assessment - .Gathering information about a patients condition
Autonomy - Self-determination
Based on the human capacity for reason and thus for self-governance
Individuals should be permitted to make their own decisions, even when these decisions
seem to others to be ill-informed
Exceptions:
Situations in which there is a high risk of serious injury/death, and when it cannot be
determined whether the person's judgment is impaired (we suspect the individual is not
able to reason adequately)
, Beneficence - Quality or state of doing/producing good
Maximizing the benefits of actions while minimizing harms
May involve rules that are designed to protect people against the negative effects of
their own actions
Benner's stages of nursing proficiency: - Novice
Advanced beginner
Competent
Proficient
Expert
(In above order from beginner to expert) slide 42
Can you have an illness without a disease? Disease without illness? -
Can you identify the 7 roles of nurses? - Advocate
Care manager
Communicator
Consultant
Deliverer of services
Educator
Researcher
Clara Barton (1821-1912) - started the American Red Cross in 1881
Clinical model of health - absence of disease, prevention not emphasized (only goes to
Dr. when sick)
Confidentiality— - people have the right to decide who have access to information, thus
limiting the negative use of personal information by others
Health care professionals must strive to keep patients' personal information confidential
Disclose only as much information as necessary to permit optimal care and only
information that is pertinent to the situation
Overridden only in situations in which extreme harm to the patient or others is imminent
Continuing and in-service education -
diagnose - To identify the patients problems
Dilemma - situations in which a choice must be made between two or more equally
undesirable options
True dilemmas are rare, but neglected issues can become dilemmas
disease - Failure of a person's adaptive mechanisms
Results in functional or structural disturbances
